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  4. ImmersiveAutochrome: Enhanced Digitized Mono-Autochrome Viewing through Deep Learning and Virtual Reality
 
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2025
Conference Paper
Title

ImmersiveAutochrome: Enhanced Digitized Mono-Autochrome Viewing through Deep Learning and Virtual Reality

Abstract
Resulting from the earliest impactful color photography process developed by the Lumière Brothers, autochromes are invaluable historical artifacts with a high sensitivity and susceptibility to degradation over time. We investigate the potential of deep learning to enhance the experience of historical autochromes through 3D photography and Virtual Reality (VR). Our proposed pipeline utilizes single-image depth estimation and depth-aware inpainting to transform digitized mono-autochromes into layered depth images and corresponding 3D meshes, enabling immersive 3D visualization via a WebXR application. Our user study shows the effectiveness of VR-based experience of autochromes compared to traditional visualization methods, revealing that participants found the VR experience as pleasant as analog exploration despite the latter’s authenticity. Thereby, our findings suggest that 3D VR technology could play a crucial role in digitally preserving and revitalizing these culturally significant artifacts and foster investigations with more samples and more types of user interfaces to mature these insights.
Author(s)
Sinha, Saptarshi Neil
Fraunhofer-Institut für Graphische Datenverarbeitung IGD  
Horst, Robin
Fraunhofer-Institut für Graphische Datenverarbeitung IGD  
Ciortan, Irina-Mihaela
Norwegian University of Science and Technology  
Graf, Holger  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Graphische Datenverarbeitung IGD  
Kuijper, Arjan  orcid-logo
Fraunhofer-Institut für Graphische Datenverarbeitung IGD  
Weinmann, Michael
Delft University of Technology  
Mainwork
IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Workshops, VRW 2025. Proceedings  
Project(s)
Perceptive Enhanced Realities of Colored collEctions through AI and Virtual Experiences  
Funder
European Commission  
Conference
Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces 2025  
Workshop on Archaeology and Cultural Heritage through XR 2025  
DOI
10.1109/VRW66409.2025.00014
Language
English
Fraunhofer-Institut für Graphische Datenverarbeitung IGD  
Keyword(s)
  • Branche: Cultural and Creative Economy

  • Research Line: Computer graphics (CG)

  • Research Line: Computer vision (CV)

  • Research Line: Machine learning (ML)

  • LTA: Generation, capture, processing, and output of images and 3D models

  • 3D Photos

  • Single Image depth estimation

  • Virtual reality

  • Deep learning

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