Energy system modelling of renewable energy and related energy infrastructure needs

In recent decades, renewable energy has stepped out of its niche as a key option for decarbonising the energy supply. It has gained attention in energy system modelling as well as in real-world energy sector developments. This chapter aims to describe past developments in the energy system modelling of renewable energy and related energy infrastructure prerequisites. Illustrative snapshots are provided, offering a chronological survey of energy system models with a focus on renewable energy and the main related thematic fields. Geographically, these snapshots refer to Europe and illustrated topics of interest as well as approaches used in corresponding model-based assessments. That journey offers fruitful insights on how the energy policy debate has emerged as well as how energy system modelling has advanced to provide substance and support decision making in accordance with emerging policy needs.