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  4. Analytical and toxicological aspects of nanomaterials in different product groups: Challenges and opportunities
 
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2022
Review
Title

Analytical and toxicological aspects of nanomaterials in different product groups: Challenges and opportunities

Abstract
The widespread integration of engineered nanomaterials into consumer and industrial products creates new challenges and requires innovative approaches in terms of design, testing, reliability, and safety of nanotechnology. The aim of this review article is to give an overview of different product groups in which nanomaterials are present and outline their safety aspects for consumers. Here, release of nanomaterials and related analytical challenges and solutions as well as toxicological considerations, such as dose-metrics, are discussed. Additionally, the utilization of engineered nanomaterials as pharmaceuticals or nutraceuticals to deliver and release cargo molecules is covered. Furthermore, critical pathways for human exposure to nanomaterials, namely inhalation and ingestion, are discussed in the context of risk assessment. Analysis of NMs in food, innovative medicine or food contact materials is discussed. Specific focus is on the presence and release of nanomaterials, including whether nanomaterials can migrate from polymer nanocomposites used in food contact materials. With regard to the toxicology and toxicokinetics of nanomaterials, aspects of dose metrics of inhalation toxicity as well as ingestion toxicology and comparison between in vitro and in vivo conclusions are considered. The definition of dose descriptors to be applied in toxicological testing is emphasized. In relation to potential exposure from different products, opportunities arising from the use of advanced analytical techniques in more unique scenarios such as release of nanomaterials from medical devices such as orthopedic implants are addressed. Alongside higher product performance and complexity, further challenges regarding material characterization and safety, as well as acceptance by the general public are expected.
Author(s)
Tschiche, Harald R.
Bierkandt, Frank S.
Creutzenberg, Otto  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Toxikologie und Experimentelle Medizin ITEM  
Fessard, Valerie
Franz, Roland  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Verfahrenstechnik und Verpackung IVV  
Greiner, Ralf
Gruber-Traub, Carmen  orcid-logo
Fraunhofer-Institut für Grenzflächen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik IGB  
Haas, Karl-Heinz
Fraunhofer-Institut für Silicatforschung ISC  
Haase, Andrea
Hartwig, Andrea
Hesse, Bernhard
Hund-Rinke, Kerstin  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Molekularbiologie und Angewandte Oekologie IME  
Iden, Pauline
Kromer, Charlotte
Loeschner, Katrin
Mutz, Diana
Rakow, Anastasia
Rasmussen, Kirsten
Rauscher, Hubert
Richter, Hannes  orcid-logo
Fraunhofer-Institut für Keramische Technologien und Systeme IKTS  
Schoon, Janosch
Schmid, Otmar
Som, Claudia
Tovar, Günter  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Grenzflächen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik IGB  
Westerhoff, Paul
Wohlleben, Wendel
Luch, Andreas
Laux, Peter
Spindler, Lena-Marie  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Grenzflächen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik IGB  
Journal
NanoImpact  
Open Access
DOI
10.1016/j.impact.2022.100416
Additional full text version
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Language
English
Fraunhofer-Institut für Molekularbiologie und Angewandte Oekologie IME  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Verfahrenstechnik und Verpackung IVV  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Grenzflächen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik IGB  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Silicatforschung ISC  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Keramische Technologien und Systeme IKTS  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Toxikologie und Experimentelle Medizin ITEM  
Keyword(s)
  • Nanomaterials

  • Release

  • Human Nanotoxicology

  • Advanced analytics

  • Risk assessment

  • NM-containing products

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