Coordinated charge management for battery electric vehicles: Operation management of charging infrastructures for battery electric vehicles considering vehicle, infrastructure, and grid constraints

Compared to refueling gasoline powered vehicles, the charging of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) takes considerably more time which renders a single-purpose charging infrastructure inconvenient. More likely, the charging stations will be integrated into the parking infrastructure (parking decks, public, private and commercial parking sites). On average the duration of the parking will be longer than the duration of the charging process which creates a potential for load shifting. In turn this implies that the rated power of large charging infrastructures can be chosen to be smaller than the sum of rated powers of all charging points, provided that the load shifting potential can be activated. In this paper a complete description of the problem at hand is given in terms of a mixed integer linear program which can readily be integrated into the operation management of charging infrastructures.