Single-chip coplanar 94-GHz FMCW radar sensors

A low-cost 94-GHz monolithically integrated coplanar FMCW radar chip has been developed, using 0.15-mu m AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs PM-HEMT technology. The chip includes a VCO, electrically tunable over several gigahertz, transmit and receive amplifiers, a mixer, and a directional coupler. The monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC's) are as small as 8 mm2, delivering up to 10 mW of radio frequency (RF) power at a dc power consumption of 0.7 W. The receiver noise figure is 6-7 dB, and the conversion gain is 10 dB.