Exploring the possibilities of laser interference patterning for the rapid fabrication of periodic arrays on macroscopic areas

Surface patterning engineering techniques are essential to fabricate advanced topographies that can be use to modulate macroscopic properties on different materials. Particularly, Laser Interference methods enable fabrication of repetitive periodic arrays and microstructures by irradiation of the sample surface with coherent beams of light. Depending on the used laser source, different methods have emerged in the last years including Laser Interference Lithography and Direct Laser Interference Patterning. A detailed description of these techniques is presented in this chapter. In addition, several examples including fabrication of micro and sub-micrometer patterns on photoresists, conducting polymers and carbon nanotubes are described.