Variable tariffs for demand response with grid-connected electric vehicles and their contributions to integrate intermittent renewable generation

The paper presents a new approach to model the load shifting of electric vehicles. Therefore a marginal cost based simulation of the German electricity market is combined with an indirect load management system implemented in the VW and E.ON field test "Flottenversuch Elektromobilität". The first results of the simulation indicate the possibilities to integrate intermittent renewable energies using an indirect price-based approach to control grid-connected vehicles.