Metallization of n-type silicon solar cells using fine line printing techniques

In this paper we study the potential of seed and plate front side metallization using inkjet and aerosol jet printing with consequent silver electroplating on 125 × 125 mm2 n-type silicon solar cells with 90 /sq emitters. The design used is p+nn+ with boron doped front side emitter and phosphorous doped BSF. The contact formation has been optimized with a fire profile and the front grid has been varied for using aerosol printing as well. High voltages of Voc = 652 mV and efficiencies up to = 19.6% have been achieved.