Modified wave-hop method to calculate field-strength in the MF-range when using a horizontally polarized steeply radiating transmitting antenna

A method for the prediction of the night-time sky-wave field strength in the MF- and LF-ranges is presented. This method differs from the wave-hop method by Knight (1975) as far as the determination of the ionospheric absorption following the full-wave equation method is concerned. The usefulness of the modified wave-hop method has been proved by comparing the predicted field strength values with experimental data received in Central Europe (frequency 1575 kHz, distances between 50 km and 1700 km from a horizontally polarized transmitting antenna).