Faserstaubförmige Emissionen auf Deponien und deren Bewertung

Dumps are potential emittents for very different particulates. The atmospheric environment of dumps can be also contaminated by release of carcinogenic asbestos fibers, because sprayed asbestos, asbestos cement refuse from sanitation and demolition of buildings is very often storaged here. Ambient air concentrations of asbestos fibers as high as 10.000 to 40.000 fibers (longer than 5 mym)/cubic meter were measured on three garbage dumps and building refuse dumps during our investigations. The concentrations of other mineral fibers in ambient air of these garbage dumps were high too; up to 30.000 fibers (longer than 5 mym)/cubic meter. Also ambient air in the vicinity of such dumps is contaminated by asbestos fibers at a level of about 1000 fibers asbestos fibers (longer than 5 mym)/cubic meter. These concentrations can be reached especially during inversion situations and low wind velocities. For ambient air asbestos fiber concentrations of 1000 fibers (longer than 5 mym)/cbm the healt h risk for the general population could be estimated as high as of about 10 E-4 (one more carcinogenic case for 10.000 inhabitants). The other ambient air carcinogens increase by their synergistic effect to this value too. Control methods for sanitation of dumps containing asbestos wastes have to be developed and their efficiency has to be proved by measuring asbestos fiber emission and ambient air concentrations. (IUCT)