A Technological Risk Analysis for the Laser-based Disassembly of End-of-life Automotive Traction Batteries

The electrification of the transportation sector is progressing at a rapid pace. To ensure the sustainability of automotive traction batteries, it is essential to implement advanced recycling techniques to create a closed-loop circular economy for critical raw materials. The disassembly phase represents a crucial step in recycling end-of-life traction batteries. Laser-based separation operations have the potential to enhance productivity and flexibility in the disassembly of end-of-life automotive traction battery packs. In light of the potential risks associated with thermal separation processes, such as laser technology, it is imperative to conduct a comprehensive risk assessment to ensure the personnel's safety and prevent fire and thermal propagation incidents. This study makes a significant contribution to the field of research through a comprehensive and systematic risk analysis of laser-based disassembly operations. Based on an expert-driven research methodology, a risk assessment matrix has been developed for distinct disassembly process steps. This matrix provides a valuable tool for industrial players and researchers to prioritize their development efforts and mitigate or lower the risks associated with the laser-based disassembly of end-of-life automotive traction batteries.