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  4. Authenticity, and Approval Framework for Bus Transportation Based on Blockchain 2.0 Technology
 
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2023
Journal Article
Title

Authenticity, and Approval Framework for Bus Transportation Based on Blockchain 2.0 Technology

Abstract
The intelligent transport system (ITS) has transformed urban transportation, enhancing daily commutes with services like congestion management, vehicle crash prevention, traffic control, roadside safety, breakdown assistance, ticket booking, vehicle registration, and insurance. However, in urban bus transportation, the ITS faces security threats, such as data forgery and manipulation. To counter these challenges, a blockchain-based framework for bus transportation approval is proposed, ensuring data integrity and security. The framework’s performance is evaluated based on processing time, central processing unit (CPU), graphical processing unit (GPU), cloud usage, and memory consumption, and compared to Ethereum and Aurora testnet, in terms of gas cost, security, and performance. Stochastic algorithms, including the genetic algorithm and Tabu search, are used for time complexity analysis, to obtain an optimized solution. The decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) analysis is also performed to assess factors like transaction costs, execution time, memory consumption, and security. The results show that execution time, memory consumption, and processing time are crucial, while transaction cost, reliability, and transparency positively impact the system’s effectiveness. By reducing the risk of false data presentation and ensuring accurate records, the proposed framework contributes to a more efficient and reliable transportation system.
Author(s)
Khanzada, Tariq J.S.
Shahi, Muhammad Farrukh
Mutahhar, Ahmad
Aslam, Muhammad Ahtisham
Fraunhofer-Institut für Offene Kommunikationssysteme FOKUS  
Ashar, Rehab Bahaaddin
Jama, Sarmad
Nooruddin, Mustafa
Siddiqu, Shahbaz
Journal
Applied Sciences  
Open Access
DOI
10.3390/app132011323
Language
English
Fraunhofer-Institut für Offene Kommunikationssysteme FOKUS  
Keyword(s)
  • blockchain

  • ledger

  • ITS

  • cryptography

  • Ethereum

  • IoV

  • V2X

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