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  4. Interannual variation in land-use intensity enhances grassland multidiversity
 
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2014
Journal Article
Title

Interannual variation in land-use intensity enhances grassland multidiversity

Abstract
Although temporal heterogeneity is a well-accepted driver of biodiversity, effects of interannual variation in land-use intensity (LUI) have not been addressed yet. Additionally, responses to land use can differ greatly among different organisms; therefore, overall effects of land-use on total local biodiversity are hardly known. To test for effects of LUI (quantified as the combined intensity of fertilization, grazing, and mowing) and interannual variation in LUI (SD in LUI across time), we introduce a unique measure of whole-ecosystem biodiversity, multidiversity. This synthesizes individual diversity measures across up to 49 taxonomic groups of plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria from 150 grasslands. Multidiversity declined with increasing LUI among grasslands, particularly for rarer species and aboveground organisms, whereas common species and belowground groups were less sensitive. However, a high level of interannual variation in LUI increased overall multidiversity at low LUI and was even more beneficial for rarer species because it slowed the rate at which the multidiversity of rare species declined with increasing LUI. In more intensively managed grasslands, the diversity of rarer species was, on average, 18% of the maximum diversity across all grasslands when LUI was static over time but increased to 31% of the maximum when LUI changed maximally over time. In addition to decreasing overall LUI, we suggest varying LUI across years as a complementary strategy to promote biodiversity conservation.
Author(s)
Allan, Eric
Universität Bern
Bossdorf, Oliver
Universität Bern
Dormann, Carsten F.
Universität Freiburg
Prati, Daniel
Universität Bern
Gossner, Martin M.
Universität Jena
Tscharntke, Teja
Universität Göttingen
Blüthgen, Nico
Technische Universität Darmstadt
Bellach, Michaela
Universität Würzburg
Birkhofer, Klaus
Universität Lund
Boch, Steffen
Universität Bern
Böhm, Stefan
Universität Bern
Börschig, Carmen
Universität Göttingen
Chatzinotas, Antonis
UFZ Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung
Christ, Sabina
Fraunhofer-Institut für Zelltherapie und Immunologie IZI  
Daniel, Rolf
Universität Göttingen
Diekötter, Tim
Universität Giessen
Fischer, Christiane
Universität Göttingen
Friedl, Thomas
Universität Göttingen
Glaser, Karin
UFZ Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung
Hallmann, Christine
Universität Göttingen
Hodac, Ladislav
Universität Göttingen
Hölzel, Norbert
Universität Münster
Jung, Kirsten
Universität Ulm
Klein, Alexandra Maria
Universität Lüneburg
Klaus, Valentin H.
Universität Münster
Kleinebecker, Till
Universität Münster
Krauss, Jochen
Universität Würzburg
Lange, Markus
Universität Jena
Morris, E. Kathryn
Xavier University, Cincinnati
Müller, Jörg
Universität Potsdam
Nacke, Heiko
Universität Göttingen
Pasalic, Esther
Universität Jena
Rillig, Matthias C.
Freie Universität Berlin
Rothenwöhrer, Christoph
Universität Göttingen
Schall, Peter
Universität Göttingen
Scherber, Christoph
Universität Göttingen
Schulze, Waltraud
Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie
Socher, Stephanie A.
Universität Bern
Steckel, Juliane
Universität Würzburg
Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf
Universität Würzburg
Türke, Manfred
Universität Jena
Weiner, Christiane N.
Universität Würzburg
Werner, Michael
Universität Würzburg
Westphal, Catrin
Universität Göttingen
Wolters, Volkmar
Universität Giessen
Wubet, Tesfaye
UFZ Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung
Gockel, Sonja
Technische Universität München
Gorke, Martin
Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung
Hemp, Andreas
Universität Bayreuth
Renner, Swen C.
Universität Ulm
Schöning, Ingo
Max-Planck-Institut für Biogeochemie
Pfeiffer, Simone
Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung
König-Ries, Birgitta
Universität Jena
Buscot, François
UFZ Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung
Linsenmair, Karl Eduard
Universität Würzburg
Schulze, Ernst-Detlef
Max-Planck-Institut für Biogeochemie
Weisser, Wolfgang W.
Universität Jena
Fischer, Markus
Universität Bern
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America : PNAS  
Funder
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG  
Open Access
DOI
10.1073/pnas.1312213111
Language
English
Fraunhofer-Institut für Zelltherapie und Immunologie IZI  
Keyword(s)
  • agricultural grasslands

  • biodiversity exploratories

  • biodiversity loss

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