Monolithic millimetre wave ICs for 100 GHz

The millimetre wave frequency spectrum between 30 and 300 GHz is finding growing uses in a variety of applications.The atmospheric absorption of millimetre waves, with its characteristic minima around 35 and 94 GHz, has promoted a great detal of research and development at these frequencies. Attractive system properties, such as smaller wavelength and thus higher resolution and smaller antenna size, have driven the research activities at 94 GHz.Active and passive millimetre wave systems are required for object detection, terrain imaging, communication, data transmission, level sensors, and a number of applications where infrared (IR) systems are inadequate, such as in fog, smog and smoke.