Interoperability for Semi-Autonomous Unmanned Ground Vehicles

This paper describes the NATO STO IST-179-RTG group's efforts to improve interoperability of semiautonomous unmanned ground vehicles. Through experiments and demonstrations at major events like the European Robotics Hackathon 2021 and the European Land-Robot Trial 2022, a practical application of interoperability standards was investigated in different real-world scenarios, demonstrating both current capabilities and potential areas of improvement. This paper was originally presented at the NATO Science and Technology Organization Symposium (ICMCIS) organized by the Information Systems Technology (IST) Panel, IST-209-RSY - the ICMCIS, held in Oeiras, Portugal, 13-14 May 2025.