Influence of antenna array constellation on the accuracy of angle-of-arrival estimation in a multipath environment

Angle-of-arrival estimation is a widely used localisation method. However, multipath propagation leads to decreased performance. In this paper an expression for the Cramer-Rao lower bound for angle-of-arrival estimation with a known transmitted signal in a two path environment is derived. The influence of array structure on the achievable accuracy and the capability of signal separation is investigated. It is shown that sparse array structures provide a lower Cramer-Rao bound as long as uniqueness is preserved.