Hybrid AM and Process Chains

The concept of Hybrid Additive Manufacturing (Hybrid AM) finds a broad definition throughout different applications. For metal-based additive manufacturing the concept often refers to a combination of material deposition, e.g. through Laser Material Deposition (LMD) or other Directed Energy Deposition (DED) processes such as wire arc deposition or cold spray, with machining through milling. Multiple manufacturers have introduced machines implementing both milling and deposition processes based on different technologies.