Modeling and analysis of electromagnetic field distribution in vicinity of patch antennas at millimeter-wave frequencies

In this work, the spatial electric and magnetic field distributions in the vicinity of a rectangular patch antenna, excited with the fundamental transverse magnetic (TM) resonance mode, are analyzed. The results yield physical insight into the lateral decay of the dominant field components with distance from the antenna. Furthermore, the effects of the dielectric substrate, dielectric losses and the antenna feed on the field and power decay are individually quantified. Based on the results obtained, design guidelines for compact component placement with the aim of reducing undesired electromagnetic coupling can be derived.