Towards understanding interactions between socio-technical systems in sustainability transitions

This paper proposes a framework for analysing interactions between socio-technical systems and for identifying their impacts on transition of socio-technical systems. The framework is framework as: interfaces between systems, relationships between systems through their interface, intensity of interactions, impacts of inter-system interactions. The framework is intended to assist in the systematic identification of potential interactions between two systems. This may assist in identifying how the interactions are part of the co-evolutionary process and hence where measures to strengthen interactions can support the transition process. The application of the framework to heat pumps and autonomous vehicles reveals the flexibility of the suggested scheme of analysis for different types of systems.