Introduction of a Self-Stabilizing Decentralized Energy Management System for Undersupplied EV Charging Parks

In this article, a decentralized self-stabilizing Energy Management System for undersupplied EV charging parks is presented. This undersupply is due to the maximum power demand from all charging stations connected to a common DC grid being larger than the maximum infeed power from AC mains. The EMS allows easy addition of additional participants such as chargers, or storage systems, into the common DC grid. To assure grid stability, this decentralization necessitates adjustments to the control structure of connected power converters. To show the self-stabilizing effect, a simulation model based on real-world charging park data evaluates the EMS under varying levels of undersupply and storage capacity. The findings are further verified by implementation of the EMS into actual power converters and their stability assessment through impedance measurement.