Potentials, Challenges and Incentives for Vehicle-to-Home in Shared Neighborhoods

This paper examines the potential, challenges, and incentives of implementing vehicle-to-home (V2H) in a shared residential neighborhood. A multidisciplinary approach is employed, comprising an analysis of user acceptance of V2H by using data of a survey and a data-based potential analysis of a V2H use case of energy arbitrage in a residential neighborhood. The simulation-based analysis enabled an investment decision in a bidirectional smart grid. The paper analyzed energy arbitrage, where electric vehicles (EV) could be charged at a low cost in the workplace and the stored energy could be discharged in the residential area. The results show there is a generally positive attitude towards vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technologies. However, concerns exist in relation to uncertain battery state-of-charge and degradation. Additionally, equitable financial compensation remains a significant challenge for participation in V2X applications. The study found that a price difference of 5-10 ¢/kWh between home and workplace charging prices would make it economically feasible to invest in V2H bidirectional charging infrastructure in a residential area. Furthermore, the research revealed that EVs with larger batteries are more cost-effective and suitable for V2H applications than smaller EVs.