3D X-ray Tomography. Basics and Latest Developments

In the following, the basic principles of X-ray physics are discussed which includes generation and detection of X-rays and the acquisition of X-ray projection images. Further on, the process of computer-assisted sectional image calculation is briefly introduced and the latest developments in the field are mentioned. Additionally, particular issues of micro- and nano-scale X-ray Computed Tomography are described. Finally, we attempt to look forward into the upcoming future of industrial X-ray imaging systems which most probably will evolve to cognitive sensor networks by applying advanced machine-learning technologies.