Accelerating energy innovation through transition policy mixes

This chapter offers an overview of the current state of research on transition policy mixes for accelerating energy innovation. It introduces key terminology and core analytical frameworks for energy innovation analysts interested in policy mix research. For this, six complementary developments are traced: (1) from policy instrument type to instrument design; (2) from instrument mixes to policy mixes; (3) from policy mixes supporting technological innovation to policy mixes spurring socio-technical system change; (4) from policy mixes focusing on the creation of the new to those also tackling the destruction of the old; (5) from innovation policy mixes for creative destruction to policy mix intervention points; and (6) from navigating resistance to policy mix feedbacks. After laying these conceptual foundations, the chapter discusses policy mix implications arising from the challenges associated with the acceleration phase of net-zero energy transitions. These challenges encompass whole system change, multi-system interactions, decline and resistance, expansion and contestation, consumers and social practices, justice, international dynamics, and governance. Insights for policymaking are provided for each of these challenges. The chapter concludes by offering reflections on future interdisciplinary policy mix research avenues relevant for accelerating energy innovation.