Definition and Description of Matrix Production Systems

The industry's use of adaptable production systems, such as matrix production, is increasing. However, these systems vary in their specific details. The lack of a unified definition, delimitation, and description hinders comparability and the transfer of lessons learned between different systems. This paper aims to propose a comprehensive definition of matrix production and differentiation between different implementation forms. To achieve this, the paper first examines existing approaches to define and describe production systems and their manifestations. Various frameworks and models have been proposed in the literature, but they often focus on specific aspects of production systems, neglecting the complexity of matrix production. The paper identifies common elements and challenges in defining and describing production systems by analyzing these approaches. A second investigation analyzes various existing descriptions of matrix production from the scientific literature. While some definitions focus on the organizational structure, others emphasize operational aspects. By synthesizing these definitions, the paper proposes a comprehensive definition of matrix production encompassing both dimensions. Furthermore, the paper includes cases of industrial implementations as a third investigation. These cases provide insights into the practical application of matrix production systems across different industries. The paper identifies common characteristics, challenges, and benefits associated with matrix production by analyzing these implementation examples. Finally, all three investigations are combined to create a unified definition and a complementary descriptive model. The proposed framework provides a systematic approach to define and describe matrix production systems. It allows for a better understanding and comparison of different implementations, facilitates the transfer of lessons learned, and promotes the exchange of best practices. This framework will enable researchers and practitioners to optimize matrix production systems, ultimately leading to improved efficiency and competitiveness in the industry.