Residual stress measurement of components by NDT

The principles, applications and limitations of various nondestructive techniques for residual stress measurement have been discussed in the paper. It covers the most widely used technique of X-ray diffraction followed by a brief discussion of neutron diffraction, ultrasonic techniques including birefringence effect of shesr waves, time of fight measurements and resonance method. These are followed by a discussion of the various magnetic techniques including magnetic hysterisis parameters, magnetic Barkhausen noise signal analysis, use of incremental permeability. The recent advances made in the techniques to get better results have been highlighted.