Compact wavelength monitoring by lateral outcoupling in wedged photonic crystal multimode waveguides

A device concept for laterally extracting selected wavelength from an optical signal travelling along a waveguide, for operation in metropolitan area networks, is presented. The signal on the fundamental mode of a multimode photonic crystal waveguide is coupled to a higher-order mode, at a center frequency that spatially depends on the slowly varying guide parameters. The device is compact, intrinsically fault-tolerant, and can split any desired fraction of the signal for monitoring purpose. Characterizations by the internal light source technique validate the optical concept while an integrated device with four photodiodes qualifies its potential with respect to real-world applications.