Modeling and validation of a wall-window retrofit system under blast loading

This paper describes the three step model development of a masonry retrofit and window system under external blast loading. First, basic deformation and failure mechanisms are analyzed using finite element methods. SDOF models are then derived separately for the structural response of retrofitted masonry and window systems and validated in full-scale range and shock tube tests. In a third step the model is expanded to two degrees of freedom to predict the coupled behavior. This paper focuses on the engineering models and the derivation of the system parameters. The algorithms are implemented in a PC-based tool for easy and fast application.