Nanokomposite auf der Basis von Schichtsilikaten und deren Anwendung

Es werden Nanokomposits aus organischen Bindemitteln und Nanofuellstoffen auf der Basis von mit phosphorhaltigen organischen Kationen modifizierten Schichtsilikaten vorgestellt. Die Nanokomposite haben, auch im Vergleich zu den bekannten Nanokompositen mit Ammoniumbentoniten, eine geringere Brennbarkeit. Die Nanokomposite eignen sich insbesondere als Klebstoff, Beschichtungsmaterial, Matrixharz oder Vergussmasse. Im Falle des Einsatzes von Tetraarylphosphoniumbentoniten lassen sich auch hoechst schmelzende Thermoplaste zu einen Nanokomposit verarbeiten.

DE 10353890 A UPAB: 20050725 NOVELTY - Nanocomposites containing an organic binder and a layered silicate modified by specified phosphorus-containing cations with aromatic and non- aromatic substituents are new, such nanocomposites being excluded when the organic binder is a thermoplastic and the phosphorus-containing cations have all of the aromatic substituents as unsubstituted phenyl groups. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Nanocomposites containing an organic binder and a layered silicate modified by phosphorus-containing organically-substituted cations of formula (I) are new, such nanocomposites being excluded when the organic binder is a thermoplastic and the phosphorus-containing cations have all R2 as unsubstituted phenyl groups. ((R1)nP(R2)m)+ (I) R1 = non-aromatic substituents; and R2 = aromatic substituents; m = 1- 4; n = 0-3; and m + n = 4. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for (1) preparation of the nanocomposites by modifying the layered silicate with the phosphorus-containing cations and either (i) working the thus-modified silicates into a thermoplastic melt or (ii) working the thus-modified silicates into a monomer and/or a pre-polymer which is polymerizable and/or crosslinkable to a thermoplastic, elastomer or thermoset; and (2) nanocomposites containing an organic binder and a layered silicate modified by phosphorus-containing cations containing one or more phosphate ester, phosphorous acid ester, hypophosphorous ester and/or phosphine group. Also excluded are nanocomposites in which the binder is a thermoplastic and in which the cation with m = 3 is such that all aromatic residues R2 are unsubstituted in the para-postion to the cation. USE - The nanocomposite is used as an adhesive, coating, sealant, matrix for fiber-reinforced composites, casting resin, lacquer, primer, film, polymer-based molding, housing or circuit board for electronics, in aircraft, bus, railway, ship or other vehicle construction, in building or as a fire retardant, the nanocomposites used as fire retardants especially being those in which the cation has R1 = a at least 4C alkyl or a suitably substituted aromatic or aralkyl group (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The nanocomposite has a lower combustibility than those containing ammonium bentonites.