Happel, J.J.HappelDöring, J.J.DöringKrieger, K.-L.K.-L.KriegerDeitschun, J.J.DeitschunGodlinski, D.D.Godlinski2022-03-132022-03-132017https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/397781This publication focuses on the development of an innovative, low-cost sensor for the detection of ice formation in conveyor pipes of vehicles. The measurement principle is based on the contactless determination of the relative permittivity of a medium by capacitive sensors. In comparison to water, ice has a decreased relaxation frequency through crystallization below the freezing point. Capacitive sensor structures for permittivity measurement were applied on a polymer pipe by functional printing, which can be installed in the conveying systems in the area of the feed lines. Due to its low-cost and universal design, the sensor can be used in all applications where the integrability and costs of an installed sensor system play a major role.enkapazitiver sensorBedruckenTransportsystemGefrierpunktSpeiseleitungPolymerPermittivitätSensorsystemMessprinzip620660671conference paper