Englbrecht, M.M.EnglbrechtAlten, R.R.AltenAringer, M.M.AringerBaerwald, C.G.C.G.BaerwaldBurkhardt, H.H.BurkhardtEby, N.N.EbyFliedner, G.G.FliednerGauger, B.B.GaugerHenkemeier, U.U.HenkemeierHofmann, M.W.M.W.HofmannKleinert, S.S.KleinertKneitz, C.C.KneitzKrueger, K.K.KruegerPohl, C.C.PohlRoske, A.-E.A.-E.RoskeSchett, G.G.SchettSchmalzing, M.M.SchmalzingTausche, A.-K.A.-K.TauscheTony, H.P.H.P.TonyWendler, J.J.Wendler2022-03-052022-03-052016https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/25431710.1002/acr.23002Objective: To validate standard self&#8208;report questionnaires for depression screening in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and compare these measures to one another and to the Montgomery&#8208;Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), a standardized structured interview. Methods: In 9 clinical centers across Germany, depressive symptomatology was assessed in 262 adult RA patients at baseline (T0) and at 12&#8201;±&#8201;2 weeks followup (T1) using the World Health Organization 5&#8208;Item Well&#8208;Being Index (WHO&#8208;5), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ&#8208;9), and the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI&#8208;II). The construct validity of these depression questionnaires (using convergent and discriminant validity) was evaluated using Spearman's correlations at both time points. The test-retest reliability of the questionnaires was evaluated in RA patients who had not undergone a psychotherapeutic intervention or received antidepressants between T0 and T1. The sensitivity and the specificity of the questionnaires were calculated using the results of the MADRS, a structured interview, as the gold standard. Results: According to Spearman's correlation coefficients, all questionnaires met convergent validity criteria (r > |0.50|), with the BDI&#8208;II performing best, while correlations with age and disease activity for all questionnaires met the criteria for discriminant validity (r < |0.50|). The only questionnaire to meet the predefined retest reliability criterion (r > 0.70) was the BDI&#8208;II (rs&#8201;=&#8201;0.77), which also achieved the best results for both sensitivity and specificity (>80%) when using the MADRS as the gold standard. Conclusion: The BDI&#8208;II best met the predefined criteria, and the PHQ&#8208;9 met most of the validity criteria, with lower sensitivity and specificity.en540571572Validation of Standardized Questionnaires Evaluating Symptoms of Depression in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patientsjournal article