Deetman, SebastiaanSebastiaanDeetmanHof, Andries F.Andries F.HofPfluger, BenjaminBenjaminPflugerVuuren, Detlef P. vanDetlef P. vanVuurenGirod, BastienBastienGirodRuijven, Bas J. vanBas J. vanRuijven2022-03-042022-03-042013https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/23218710.1016/j.enpol.2012.11.047Most modelling studies that explore emission mitigation scenarios only look into least-cost emission pathways, induced by a carbon tax. This means that European policies targeting specific - sometimes relatively costly - technologies, such as electric cars and advanced insulation measures, are usually not evaluated as part of cost-optimal scenarios. This study explores an emission mitigation scenario for Europe up to 2050, taking as a starting point specific emission reduction options instead of a carbon tax. The purpose is to identify the potential of each of these policies and identify trade-offs between sectoral policies in achieving emission reduction targets. The reduction options evaluated in this paper together lead to a reduction of 65% of 1990 CO2-equivalent emissions by 2050. More bottom-up modelling exercises, like the one presented here, provide a promising starting point to evaluate policy options that are currently considered by policy makers.enenergy modellingEuropeclimate policy303333600journal article