Morawietz, G.G.MorawietzRuehl-Fehlert, C.C.Ruehl-FehlertKittel, B.B.KittelBube, A.A.BubeKeane, K.K.KeaneHalm, S.S.HalmHeuser, A.A.HeuserHellmann, J.J.Hellmann2022-03-032022-03-032004https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/20708210.1078/0940-2993-00350This is the third part of a series of three articles on trimming instructions of rat and mouse protocol organs and tissues in regulatory type toxicity studies, covering the urinary, nervous, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and lymphoreticular systems. The article is based on the experience of the European RITA and American NACAD working groups and is an extended revision of trimming guides published in 1995 (BAHNEMANN et al.). The optimum localization for tissue preparation, the sample size, the direction of sectioning and the number of sections to be prepared is described organ by organ. These descriptions are illustrated for each organ by a schematic drawing and/or a macro-photograph showing the plane of section as well as a low magnification of the H&E stained slide demonstrating the optimum "end-product". The objectives of this work, as addressed in detail in the first part (Ruehl-Fehlert et al. 2003), are to standardize tissue sampling and trimming for comparison of historical data obtained from different studies and different laboratories, ensure the presence of all relevant target sites for histopathological evaluation and provide technical advice for preparatory techniques during necropsy, fixation and trimming (Crissman et al. 2004).enRITANACADspinal cordguidelinekidneyureterurinary bladderspinal nerve rootoptic nerveharderian glandskeletal muscleperipheral nerveFemurjointAortaSternumlymph note615610620journal article