Raafs, A.A.RaafsVerdonschot, J.J.VerdonschotFerreira, J.P.J.P.FerreiraWang, P.P.WangCollier, T.T.CollierHenkens, M.M.HenkensBjörkman, J.J.BjörkmanBoccanelli, A.A.BoccanelliClark, A.L.A.L.ClarkDelles, C.C.DellesDiez, J.J.DiezGonzalez, A.A.GonzalezGirerd, N.N.GirerdJukema, J.W.J.W.JukemaPinet, F.F.PinetRossignol, P.P.RossignolThum, T.T.ThumVodovar, N.N.VodovarBoer, R.A. deR.A. deBoerEmpel, V. vanV. vanEmpelStaessen, J.A.J.A.StaessenHazebroek, M.M.HazebroekCleland, J.J.ClelandZannad, F.F.ZannadHeymans, S.S.Heymans2022-03-062022-03-062021https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/27056210.1002/ehf2.13476Aims: Heart failure (HF) is common in both men and women, yet disease pathophysiology, presentation, and progression differ between sexes. Studies addressing whether biomarkers predict new onset HF sex-specifically are scarce. This study therefore aims to test the sex-specificity of 252 protein biomarkers for new-onset HF. Methods and results: A matched caseâcontrol design in patients selected from cohorts within the HOMAGE consortium was used. Cases (new-onset HF, n = 562) and controls (n = 780) were matched for cohort (PREDICTOR, HEALTH-ABC, & PROSPER), follow-up time (defined as time from entry to incident HF), and age. Incident HF was defined as first hospitalization for HF. Targeted plasma proteins (n = 252) were measured using Proximity Extension Assay technology from O-link. To look for sex differences for new onset HF, we adjusted for cohort, age, and baseline clinical parameters. At baseline, women had a biomarker profile reflecting activated metabolism and immune responses. However, none of the biomarkers had a significant interaction with sex in predicting new onset HF, but four biomarkers had a trend towards sex-specificity (P < 0.013). E-selectin and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist were more female-specific, whereas IL17A and CHIT1 tended to be male sex-specific for incident HF. Conclusions: The majority of biomarkers associated with incident HF did not significantly differ between women and men, despite clear differences in biomarkers at baseline.en610620journal article