Under CopyrightLotz, Meta ThuridMeta ThuridLotzMelliger, MarcMarcMelligerHerbst, AndreaAndreaHerbstSteck, MichaelMichaelSteckJakob, MartinMartinJakobCatenazzi, GiacomoGiacomoCatenazzi2024-07-152024-07-152023https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/471312https://doi.org/10.24406/publica-339610.24406/publica-3396The central aim of the 2015 Paris Agreement is to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature rise in this century well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase even further to 1.5 degrees Celsius (United Nations 2015). To reach this ambitious goal, countries have to implement the following two strategies: (i) enhancing energy efficiency and (ii) decarbonizing remaining energy supply and demand, in particular by large penetration of renewable energy sources. A comprehensive mix of policy instruments is necessary to support this transition. While countries have implemented a wide array of policies, new societal trends and emerging technologies require the development and adoption of other policies.enCircular economyDigitalizationGreen public procurementSmart buildingsreport