Under CopyrightNovak, J.J.Novak2022-03-0631.07.20021999https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/27359810.24406/publica-fhg-273598Diese Arbeit behandelt die wichtigsten Themen und Probleme in der Entwicklung interaktiver Umgebungen. Schwerpunkt der entwickelten Interaktionsmodelle ist die Interaktion zwischen den Teilnehmern, die durch die Umgebung und durch die virtuellen Formen der Präsenz der Teilnehmer, vermittelt wird. Verschiedene Ansätze zur Lösung des Problems der Benutzerrepräsentation und der körperlichen Wahrnehmung der Benutzerpräsenz, werden analysiert und verglichen. Die behandelten Interface Systeme unterdrücken die bewusste Wahrnehmung des zugrundeliegenden Systems und ermöglichen dadurch die Illusion der unmittelbaren Interaktion zwischen den Teilnehmern. Technische Probleme und Lösungen für die Realisation interaktiver Umgebungen werden auch behandelt. Konkrete entwickelte Systeme illustrieren diese Betrachtungen und demonstrieren Präsenz und Interaktion mehrerer Teilnehmer in der Kombination von gemeinsamen physikalischen und gemeinsamen virtuellen Raum.This thesis discusses key issues and problems in the development of interactive environments. Interaction models that focus on interaction between participants mediated by the environment, and by participants' virtual forms of presence, are developed. Different approaches to the problem of user representation and bodily sense of presence are examined and compared. Interface concepts that enable the illusion of immediate interaction between participants by suppressing the level of consciousness of the underlying system are presented. Technical problems and solutions for realisation of interactive environments are also discussed. Concrete systems developed illustrate these considerations and demonstrate presence and interaction of multiple participants in a combination of shared physical and shared virtual space.CONTENTS: S.7-8 1. Introduction S.9-12 2. From virtual reality to interactive environments S.13-34 - 2.1. The ideal of virtual reality S.14-16 - 2.2. Types of virtual reality systems S.17-20 - 2.3. A review of shared space technologies S.20-22 - 2.4. Fleischmann and Strauss approach S.22-24 - 2.5. Introduction to demonstrators S.24-34 - 2.5.1. Murmuring Fields S.24-30 - Description S.25-26 - Virtual space S.26-27 - Real space S.27-28 - Murmuring Fields as a prototype information space S.29-30 - 2.5.2. Drawing Spaces S.30-34 - Description S.30-31 - Virtual space S.31-32 - Real space S.32 - Communication S.33 - Telepresence S.34 3. Presence and representation in interactive environments S.35-55 - 3.1. Historical context S.36-39 - 3.2. The concept of avatar as a virtual body of representation S.39-43 - 3.3. Avatars as user enactment S.43-46 - 3.3.1. Avatars as electronic abstract masks S.44-45 - 3.3.2. Avatars as gestural bodies S.45-46 - 3.4. Body, space, senses S.46-51 - 3.4.1 Telematic Dreaming (Paul Sermon, 1992) S.48-51 - 3.5. Presence and representation in Murmuring Fields S.52-53 - 3.6. Presence and representation in Drawing Spaces S.53-55 4. Interaction concepts in interactive environments S.56-68 - 4.1. Interaction, manipulation and simulated behaviour S.57-59 - 4.2. Interactive environments as frameworks for human actions S.59-64 - 4.2.1. Fisherman's Café (Kaeko Murata, 1998) S.61-64 - 4.3. Interaction in Murmuring Fields S.64-66 - 4.4. Interaction in Drawing Spaces S.66-68 5. Who is "interfaced" with whom - S.69-82 - 5.1. The concept of interface S.70-74 - 5.2. Situation as interface S.74-79 - 5.2.1. Liquid Views (M. Fleischmann, W. Strauss, C.A. Bohn, 1993) S.75-79 - 5.3. Interface in Murmuring Fields S.80-81 - 5.4. Interface in Drawing Spaces S.81-82 6. Technical realisation of interactive environments S.83-109 - 6.1. Modelling and displaying the virtual space S.84-88 - 6.1.1. VRML S.86-87 - 6.1.2. Display devices S.87-88 - 6.2. Supporting interaction of multiple participants S.88-94 - 6.2.1. Database consistency and propagation of update information S.88-90 - 6.2.2. Interaction model and synchronisation S.91-94 - 6.3. Supporting free body interaction S.94-96 - 6.3.1. Tracking devices S.95-96 - 6.4. Overview of existing systems S.96-99 - 6.4.1. DIVE S.96-97 - 6.4.2. CVE (MASSIVE-2) S.97-98 - 6.4.3. SHARE S.98 - 6.4.4. SPLINE S.98-99 - 6.4.5. SmallTool S.99 - 6.4.6. e-MUSE S.99 - 6.5. Technical realisation of Murmuring Fields - developing e-MUSE S.100-108 - 6.5.1. e-MUSE architecture S.102 - 6.5.2. The external user interface driver S.102-103 - 6.5.3. The multi-user driver S.103-105 - 6.5.4. The VRML browser S.105-106 - 6.5.5. Physical interface devices in Murmuring Fields S.107-108 - 6.6. Technical realisation of Drawing Spaces S.108-109 7. Conclusions S.110-113 References S.114-118enUmgebungvirtuelle Umgebungmulti-user Umgebungvirtuelle RealitätTelepräsenzInformationsraumvirtueller RaumVRMLInternetinteractive environmentvirtual environmentmulti-user environmentvirtual realitytelepresencemixed realityinformation space005006629master thesis