Nguyen, V.H.V.H.NguyenTran, Q.T.Q.T.TranGuillo-Sansano, E.E.Guillo-SansanoKotsampopoulos, P.P.KotsampopoulosGavriluta, C.C.GavrilutaLauss, G.G.LaussStrasser, T.I.T.I.StrasserJensen, T.V.T.V.JensenHeussen, K.K.HeussenGehrke, O.O.GehrkeBesanger, Y.Y.BesangerNguyen, T.L.T.L.NguyenSyed, M.H.M.H.SyedBrandl, RonRonBrandlArnold, GunterGunterArnold2022-03-062025-06-102022-03-062020https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/26740310.1007/978-3-030-42274-5_4The importance of using real-time simulation and hardware-in-the-loop techniques for the domain of power and energy systems is covered by this chapter. A brief overview of the main concepts is provided as well as a method for their integration into a holistic validation framework for testing smart grid systems. Also, corresponding reference implementations are outlined.enpower systemssmart gridsValidation and TestingPower Systems TestingPower Systems Lab Validationbook article