Huang, LiLiHuangChen, MingbiaoMingbiaoChenPiontek, UdoUdoPiontekZheng, RongyueRongyueZhengZhuang, LuluLuluZhuangZou, DeqiuDeqiuZou2025-04-082025-04-082023https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/48636010.2139/ssrn.4376206A battery thermal management system (BTMS) is responsible for the safety performance of lithium-ion batteries. In this paper, different cooling methods based on phase change emulsion (PCE) containing 10 wt.% to 40 wt.% paraffin were investigated and compared with a water-cooling system. The three-dimensional thermal simulation results showed that the cooling performance of the mini-channel configuration was better than the baffle plate, fin cooling and jacket cooling methods. Based on the optimized structure of the mini-channel cold plate, the operation conditions for cooling Li-ion batteries were determined to keep the maximum temperature limit of 313 K and maximum temperature difference of 5 K at various discharge rates. There was advantage for the PCE cooling in decreasing the pump energy consumption for high discharging rate compared with water cooling. The pump power declined by 24% and 36% when applying the PCE with 25 wt.% and 40 wt.% paraffin as the coolant, respectively. The cooling with the PCE containing 25 wt.% paraffin had 16% less energy consumption for 3.0C discharging.enLithium-Ionen-Batteriecoolingphase change material and slurryBatterie, Thermomanagementthermal performancepaper