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Author: Antón, Ignacio ×

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 12
  • Publication
    The proposal of a new standard for the measurement procedures of CPV/PV hybrid modules
    ( 2022)
    Timò, Gianluca
    ;
    Minuto, Alessandro
    ;
    Araki, Kenji
    ;
    Siefer, Gerald
    ;
    Askins, Stephen
    ;
    Antón, Ignacio
    ;
    Algora, Carlos
    Hybrid CPV/PV modules include CPV solar cells designed to collect concentrated light and PV solar cells designed to collect diffuse or global light. The power rating, as well as the module energy rating for such PV modules are complicated by the fact that, in some cases, the power is a strong and discontinuous function of angle of incidence (AOI). For such a reason, the IEC 61853 and IEC 62670 series do not sufficiently cover the specific requirements and procedures for evaluating the Hybrid CPV/PV performances. The standard conditions for assessing the power produced by the hybrid CPV/PV modules have also to be differentiated from those used to characterize flat PV or CPV modules. With this contribution, the motivations behind the new work item proposal on "Hybrid CPV/PV modules: General characteristics and measurement procedures"are therefore presented.
  • Publication
    HIPERION: Scale-up of hybrid planar micro-tracking solar panels for rooftop compatible CPV
    ( 2022)
    Askins, Stephen
    ;
    Domínguez, César
    ;
    Nardin, Gaël
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    Ackermann, Mathieu
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    Petri, Delphine
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    Despeisse, Matthieu
    ;
    Levrat, Jacques
    ;
    Niquille, Xavier
    ;
    Ballif, Christophe
    ;
    Martinez Sanchez, Juan Francisco
    ;
    Steiner, Marc
    ;
    Siefer, Gerald
    ;
    Antón, Ignacio
    Within the EU-funded project HIPERION, significant progress has been made on the Insolight solar panel: a high-efficiency rooftop compatible micro-CPV device with integrated planar microtracking and diffuse collection via additional low-cost Si solar cells. The IES-UPM and other R&D centers in the consortium have been tasked with characterizing the various generation of this technology. In this work we discuss the evolution of the module design and present the latest results for "Gen1" solar panels showing significant improvement in performance in self-tracking compared to earlier results even in the face of a 5X increase in module area.
  • Publication
    CPV standardization 2021 - Maintenance and stability
    ( 2022)
    Araki, Kenji
    ;
    Algora, Carlos
    ;
    Kresse, David
    ;
    Siefer, Gerald
    ;
    Timò, Gianluca
    ;
    Antón, Ignacio
    ;
    Nishioka, Kensuke
    ;
    Leutz, Ralf
    ;
    Carter, Sam V.
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    Wang, Shitao
    ;
    Askins, Stephen
    ;
    Iwasaki, Takashi
    ;
    Ji, Liang
    ;
    Kelly, George J.
    The rapid and substantial decline of the cell-cost, CPV, relied on cell-saving and became less valuable. Many players and systems got off the stage as a result. Also, less and fewer new proposals in the CPV standardization. We decided to continue the standardization activity but separate the tracker's work by creating a new working group, WG9. The technical discussion on VIPV has also been discussed in WG7, and it is to be transferred to a new project team. Besides the existing standards' maintenance work, new proposals of the new CPV standards were posted and approved recently. One is the fire test of the CPV module, and another is a series of standards of the hybrid CPV/PV.
  • Publication
    Outdoor Experimental Characterization of Novel High-Efficiency High-Concentrator Photovoltaic (HCPV) modules Using Achromatic Doublet on Glass (ADG) Fresnel Lenses as Primary Optics
    ( 2019)
    Vallerotto, G.
    ;
    Wiesenfarth, Maike
    ;
    Victoria, Marta
    ;
    Steiner, Marc
    ;
    Antón, Ignacio
    ;
    Jost, N.
    ;
    Askins, Stephen
    ;
    Sala, Gabriel
    In this paper we present a comprehensive outdoor experimental characterization of the first modules assembled using the Achromatic Doublet on Glass (ADG) Fresnel lens technology. First, only the elementary units comprising one lens and one cell are investigated: the electrical performance is measured varying the cell-lens distance in order to identify the optimal focal distance. Second, a mono-module (module composed of one lens and one solar cell) has been assembled and installed on a two-axis tracker where it has been continuously measured between June and October 2018. Also, a mono-module including conventional Silicone on Glass (SoG) Fresnel lenses has been assembled and used as benchmark. Results demonstrated that the achromatic design of the ADG lenses used as Primary Optical Elements (POE) provides a significantly reduced temperature dependency of the module performance. The performance is maintained constant throughout the whole measurement period enhancing the energy output over time.
  • Publication
    Challenges in the Design of Concentrator Photovoltaic (CPV) Modules to Achieve Highest Efficiencies
    ( 2018)
    Wiesenfarth, Maike
    ;
    Antón, Ignacio
    ;
    Bett, Andreas W.
    Concentrator photovoltaics (CPV) is a special high efficiency system technology in the world of PV-technologies. The idea of CPV is to use optical light concentrators to increase the incident power on solar cells. The solar cell area is comparatively tiny, thus saving expensive semiconductor materials and allowing the use of more sophisticated and more costly multi-junction solar cells. The highest CPV module efficiency achieved is 38.9%. This CPV module uses four-junction III-V-based solar cells. Moreover, mini-modules have already achieved an efficiency of 43.4%. The interaction between optics, cells, and layout of the module and tracker determines the overall field performance. Today, some utility scale CPV plants are installed. The CPV technology allows for many technical solutions for system designs and for optimizing performance while maintaining the economics. This paper will review the achievements and discuss the challenges for the CPV module technology and its components. We discuss the different components and the most important effects regarding the module design. Furthermore, we present the module designs that have shown the highest efficiencies.
  • Publication
    An end of service life assessment of PMMA lenses from veteran concentrator photovoltaic systems
    ( 2017)
    Miller, D.C.
    ;
    Khonkar, H.I.
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    Herrero, R.
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    Antón, Ignacio
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    Johnson, D.K.
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    Hornung, Thorsten
    ;
    Schmid-Schirling, T.
    ;
    Vinzant, T.B.
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    Deutch, S.
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    To, B.
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    Sala, Gabriel
    ;
    Kurtz, S.R.
    The optical performance of poly(methyl methacrylate) lenses from veteran concentrator photovoltaic modules was examined after the end of their service life. Lenses from the Martin-Marietta and Intersol module designs were examined from the ""Solar Village"" site near Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, as well as the Phoenix Sky Harbor airport, followed by the Arizona Public Service Solar Test and Research (APS-STaR) center in Tempe, Arizona. The various lens specimens were deployed for 20, 27, and 22 years, respectively. Optical characterizations included lens efficiency (Solar Simulator instrument), material transmittance and haze (of coupons cut from veteran lenses, then measured again after their faceted back surface was polished, and then measured again after the incident front surface was polished), and direct transmittance (as a function of detector's acceptance angle, using the Very Low Angular Beam Spread (""VLABS"") instrument). Lens efficiency measurements compared the central region to the entire lens, also using hot and cold mirror measurements to diagnose differences in performance. A series of subsequent characterizations was performed because a decrease in performance of greater than 10% was observed for some of the veteran lenses. The optimal focal distance of the lenses was quantified using the Solar Simulator, and then correlated to lens curvature using a recently developed measurement technique. Surface roughness was examined using atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Facet geometry (tip and valley radius) was quantified on cross-sectioned specimens. Molecular weight was compared between the incident and faceted surfaces of the lenses.
  • Publication
    Rating of CPV modules: Results of module round robins
    ( 2016)
    Steiner, Marc
    ;
    Siefer, Gerald
    ;
    Baudrit, Mathieu
    ;
    Askins, Stephen
    ;
    Domínguez, César
    ;
    Antón, Ignacio
    ;
    Roca, Francesco
    ;
    Fucci, Raffaele
    ;
    Cancro, Carmine
    ;
    Romano, Antonio
    ;
    Graditi, Giorgio
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    Pugliatti, Paola Maria
    ;
    Stefano, Agnese di
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    Kenny, Robert
    ;
    Norton, Matthew
    ;
    Minuto, Alessandro
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    Morabito, Paolo
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    Muller, Matthew
    ;
    Riley, Daniel
    ;
    Pratt, Larry
    The results of three CPV module round robins are presented. Ten test labs around the world participated to the round robins in total. Each round robin used a different CPV module technology (Daido Steel, Soitec, Suncore). The data gathered at the test labs was used to test CSOC power rating procedures as basis for the IEC draft standard 62670-3. The deviation between the minimum and the maximum power output rated at the test labs was in average 4.4 % with a standard deviation of 1.8 %abs. This underlines that power ratings or CPV modules are reliable and reproducible.
  • Publication
    Spectral network based on component cells under the SOPHIA European project
    ( 2015)
    Nunez, R.
    ;
    Antón, Ignacio
    ;
    Askins, Stephen
    ;
    Sala, Gabriel
    ;
    Dominguez, C.
    ;
    Voarino, Philippe
    ;
    Steiner, Marc
    ;
    Siefer, Gerald
    ;
    Fucci, Raffaele
    ;
    Roca, Francesco
    ;
    Minuto, A.
    ;
    Morabito, P.
    In the frame of the European project SOPHIA, a spectral network based on component (also called isotypes) cells has been created. Among the members of this project, several spectral sensors based on component cells and collimating tubes, so-called spectroheliometers, were installed in the last years, allowing the collection of minute-resolution spectral data useful for CPV systems characterization across Europe. The use of spectroheliometers has been proved useful to establish the necessary spectral conditions to perform power rating of CPV modules and systems. If enough data in a given period of time is collected, ideally a year, it is possible to characterize spectrally the place where measurements are taken, in the same way that hours of annual irradiation can be estimated using a pyrheliometer.
  • Publication
    SOPHIA CPV module round robin: Power rating at CSOC
    ( 2014)
    Steiner, Marc
    ;
    Siefer, Gerald
    ;
    Baudrit, Mathieu
    ;
    Dominguez, C.
    ;
    Antón, Ignacio
    ;
    Roca, Francesco
    ;
    Fucci, Raffaele
    ;
    Pugliatti, P.M.
    ;
    Stefano, A. di
    ;
    Kenny, Robert
    ;
    Morabito, P.
    ;
    Muller, M.
    Within the European funded project SOPHIA, a Round Robin measurement on CPV modules has been initiated. Seven different test laboratories located in Europe between 48 °N and 37 °N are participating in performing measurements of four SOITEC CPV modules. The modules are electrically characterized with different measurement equipment under various climatic conditions. A pyrheliometer and a spectral sensor, based on component cells, are being shipped together with the modules. This ensures that the irradiance and spectrum, two factors with high impact on CPV module performance, are measured with the identical equipment at each site. The round robin activity is being performed in close co-operation with the IEC TC82 WG7 power rating team in order to support the work on the CPV module power rating draft standard 62670-3. The resulting rated module power outputs at CSOC (Concentrator Standard Operating Conditions) are being compared amongst the power rating methods and amongst the test labs. In this manner, a deviation in rated power output between different test labs and power rating methods are being determined.
  • Publication
    SOPHIA CPV Module Round Robin: Power Rating at CSOC
    ( 2014)
    Siefer, Gerald
    ;
    Steiner, Marc
    ;
    Baudrit, Mathieu
    ;
    Dominguez, C.
    ;
    Antón, Ignacio
    ;
    Roca, Francesco
    ;
    Fucci, F.
    ;
    Pugliatti, P.
    ;
    Stefano, A. di
    ;
    Kenny, Robert
    ;
    Morabito, P.
    In the frame of the European project SOPHIA a concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) module measurement round robin has been initiated. The round robin includes measurements of four CPV modules at seven different test laboratories located in Europe. IV curves of the modules are measured with different measurement equipment under various climatic conditions. The aim of this activity is to perform at each site a rating of the modules at concentrator standard operating conditions CSOC according to IEC 62670-1. The outcome of the round robin is intended for direct feedback to the current draft standard IEC 62670-3 "Concentrator Photovoltaic (CPV) Performance Testing - Performance Measurements and Power Rating". The paper discusses initial results from the first three partners that have already finished the measurements up to now.