Fraunhofer Institut für Integrierte Publikations-und Informationssysteme IPSI

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  • Publication
    Framework for combined video frame synchronization and watermark detection
    ( 2007)
    Hauer, E.
    ;
    Bölke, T.
    ;
    Steinebach, M.
    Most of the MPEG watermarking schemes can only be embedded into I-frames. The other frames will not be marked. Different attacks like frame rate changing can change the frame type of the marked I-frames. Thus the watermark could be detected from wrong I-frames. Due to these attacks an important issue of digital watermarking solutions for MPEG video is the temporal synchronization of the video material to the proportions before the attacks to detect the watermark successfully. The synchronization information can be embed as part of the information watermark or as a second watermark. The weakness point is with the destruction of the synchronization information the watermark can not be detected more. We provide a solution which analyzes the I-frames based on a robust image hash system. The hash solution was developed for JPEG images and can also be used for MPEG I-frames because of their similar structure. The hash values are robust against common manipulations, like compr ession, and can be used to detect the marked frames also after manipulations at the video material. We analyze the usability of the image hash system and develop a concept based on video and MPEG properties.
  • Publication
    Temporal synchronization of marked MPEG video frames based on image hash system
    ( 2006)
    Hauer, E.
    ;
    Steinebach, M.
    Most of the MPEG watermarking schemes can only be embedded into I-frames. The other frames will not be marked. Different attacks like frame rate changing can change the frame type of the marked I-frames. Thus the watermark could be detected from wrong I-frames. Due to these attacks an important issue of digital watermarking solutions for MPEG video is the temporal synchronization of the video material to the proportions before the attacks to detect the watermark successfully. The synchronization information can be embed as part of the information watermark or as a second watermark. The weakness point is with the destruction of the synchronization information the watermark can not be detected more. We provide a solution which analyzes the I-frames based on a robust image hash system. The hash solution was developed for JPEG images and can also be used for MPEG I-frames because of their similar structure. The hash values are robust against common manipulations, like compr ession, and can be used to detect the marked frames also after manipulations at the video material. We analyze the usability of the image hash system and develop a concept based on video and MPEG properties.
  • Publication
    Digital signatures based on invertible watermarks for video authentication
    ( 2005)
    Hauer, E.
    ;
    Dittmann, J.
    ;
    Steinebach, M.
  • Publication
    Robust digital watermark solution for intercoded frames of MPEG video data
    ( 2005)
    Hauer, E.
    ;
    Steinebach, M.
    The MPEG standard is a video standard which can compress the large number of uncompressed video data into an excepted size without visual distortions. One important part of the MPEG standard is the motion prediction. Based on the motion the frames of the video data will be encoded as three different frame types, I-, P-, and B-frames. I-frames are completely intracoded frames and consist of the complete image data and P- and B-frames are interceded frames which consist of the difference data in dependence to other frames. Intracoded frames are reference frames and intercoded frames will be encoded in dependence to a past and future reference frame. The most MPEG based watermarking only mark the intracoded frames, because the intercoded frames have to less capacity to add a watermark. Our conceptual paper proposes a possible solution to embed watermark data also into intercoded frames. At first the watermark is embedded into the intracoded frames. In the next step the sam e watermark is embedded in the following intercoded frames. The same watermark information is important because the changes between two neighbour frames are mostly to less to embed new information. Before the watermark can embed to an intercoded frame a drift compensation signal is calculated and adds to the intercoded frame. The drift compensation signal is the difference of the reference data before and after the watermark embedding. Our solution increases the capacity and robustness of the watermark against operations like re-encoding. We present the concept and the first test results.
  • Publication
    Synchronization techniques to detect MPEG video frames for watermark retrieval
    ( 2004)
    Hauer, E.
    ;
    Thiemert, S.
    A main problem of I-frame based watermarking schemes is their lack of robustness regarding re-encoding attacks on MPEG material. After a normal post-processing modification the structure of the Groups of Pictures (GOPs) in the modified video should be the same as in the original one. An attack, which has the goal to destroy the watermark, could change this structure. The position of the marked intra coded frames will be shifted. Without detecting the correct frame position an incorrect watermark message could be retrieved. Our conceptual paper proposes a possible solution. A combined watermark, consisting of two watermark messages, is embedded into the video material to increase the robustness of the watermark. The first part of the message is the synchronization information to locate the previously marked frames. The second part contains the information watermark. Our approach is to design a template pattern based on the synchronization information. With the pattern th e original I-frame can be detected and the correct watermark information can be retrieved. After the recovery of the attacked video material the watermark can be correctly retrieved. We present the concept and the evaluation of the first test results.
  • Publication
    Digitale Audiowasserzeichen im Archivbereich - Das H2O4M Projekt
    ( 2003)
    Steinebach, M.
    ;
    Hauer, E.
    ;
    Dittmann, J.
  • Publication
    Authentication of MPEG-4 data: Risks and solutions
    ( 2003)
    Lang, A.
    ;
    Thiemert, S.
    ;
    Hauer, E.
    ;
    Liu, H.
    ;
    Petitcolas, F.A.P.
    MPEG-4 is an international object-based standard that provides technological basis for digital television, interactive graphics and multimedia applications. These objects can be natural or synthetic e.g. textures, 3D objects, videos or sounds. In this paper we suggest an integrity approach to protect the content of MPEG-4 data. The essential part of this approach is to embed a robust watermark into each visual, audio and 3D object. The content fragile watermark verifying the integrity of a scene is the sum of all information retrieved from the robust watermarks extracted from the objects of the scene. The information of the fragile watermark will be distributed redundantly to all robust watermarks of the scene. Another essential part of our approach is to embed a part of the scene description or object descriptors as a watermark message into the video or audio streams. The amount of embedded information depends on the payload of the watermarking algorithms. We also anal yze the possibility of embedding equivalent information into 3D models, depending on the application.
  • Publication
    Customer Identification for MPEG Video Based on Digital Fingerprinting
    ( 2001)
    Dittmann, J.
    ;
    Hauer, E.
    ;
    Vielhauer, C.
    ;
    Schwenk, J.
    ;
    Saar, E.
    In our publication we present a fingerprint watermark for the compressed video formats MPEG1/2 to ensure customer identification. The basic customer information is a watermark, which was developed for still images, We transfer it into the video area and adjust it to the special facts of MPEG video to be resistant against coalition attacks.