Fraunhofer-Institut für Produktionsanlagen und Konstruktionstechnik IPK

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  • Publication
    Literature review of quality attributes for collaborative product development
    ( 2022)
    Randermann, Marcel
    ;
    Blüher, Till
    ;
    Jochem, Roland
    ;
    Stark, Rainer
    In collaborative product development, diverse stakeholders are involved in distributed engineering activities. This situation makes it difficult to ensure, manage, and improve the quality across company boundaries. Therefore, this work determines the characteristics of collaborative engineering which have an influence on the quality of distributed product development. Several interoperability frameworks were analyzed in order to get insights into key areas for collaboration design. Furthermore, a systematic literature review provided the best practices for improvement efforts. The derived quality attributes were condensed and adapted to collaborative product development in the four key areas of organization and processes, data/artifacts, information technology systems and infrastructure, and social factors. This enables product developers to examine their collaborative engineering environment and to identify room for improvement and to enhance quality. A case example of an engineering change order shows a collaborative data flow process, in which the quality attributes may indicate improvement measures.
  • Publication
    Issues in distributed Engineering of SMEs over the Collaboration Life Cycle
    ( 2020)
    Blüher, Till
    ;
    Randermann, Marcel
    ;
    Rosa, Maiara
    ;
    Stark, Rainer
    ;
    Jochem, Roland
    Collaboration in product development has played an increasingly important role in the past decades. However, distributed engineering creates a wide variety of challenges that, in some cases, are highly context dependent. In Germany, small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) play a vital role to the economy and engage in many collaborative engineering projects. So far, it remains a practical challenge to design a joint engineering environment that is not well-assisted by the science community. In addition, collaborations evolve over time. This study examines problem fields in collaborative engineering of SMEs and presents the collaboration life cycle (CLC) framework. This framework aims at classifying and contextualizing different problem domains within the greater context of a collaborative partnership. Therefore, we have conducted an interview study with industry experts regarding challenges in distributed engineering with SMEs and validated the results through an industry workshop. We argue that a high-level perspective on collaboration with different life-cycle phases in conjunction with the description of practical problem fields can assist in understanding collaboration in distributed design better. Going forward, the findings provide the base for ongoing research in a project that aims to make the maturity level of any distributed engineering environment assessable and provides guidance for improvements.
  • Publication
    Organizational planning for quality management in the digital age
    ( 2020)
    Behmer, Falk Johannes
    ;
    Jochem, Roland
    Purpose Quality managers today require a holistic, overreaching view on the organization and its goals in order to plan the quality management organization (QMO) effectively. The purpose of this paper is to present the concept of a web application that aims to support quality managers in organizational planning tasks. The basis for the implementation is a previously developed planning method that builds on Product and Technology Roadmapping as well as Quality Function Deployment. It supports the QMO's strategic development in line with the organization's overall strategy. Design/methodology/approach Based on previous research that systematically identified the requirements toward a suitable planning method and a consecutively designed framework, a web application was developed. This process followed agile software development approaches, including test-driven iteration cycles and validation through a case-based user trial. Findings Standardized quality criteria for software development together with identified requirements for a suitable planning method provided a specified guideline to develop a web application. This application enables quality managers to effectively deploy the previously developed planning method. It proved successful in an initial field trial and creates a basis for integrated, computer-aided QMO planning. Originality/value With an integrated planning method that was implemented through a web application, quality managers could be effectively supported in developing the QMO in line with the overall strategy. As organizational planning tasks are reoccurring but not day-to-day business, moderated workshops that use the web application as a guiding tool and enable quality managers to focus on delivering information inputs appear to be a highly promising approach.
  • Publication
    Qualitätsbewertung bei hybriden Leistungsbündeln. Spezifische HLB-Methodik erlaubt umfassende Bewertung
    ( 2014)
    Pasch, Florian
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    Schober, Johannes
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    Jochem, Roland
    ;
    Rybski, Christoffer
    Die Qualität von "hybriden Leistungsbündeln" (HLB) wird durch die Sach- und Dienstleistungsergebnisse, die HLB-Prozesse sowie die Ausprägung des Qualitätsmanagementsystems im Wertschöpfungsnetzwerk geprägt. Hinzu kommt ein erweitertes Qualitätsverständnis, das neben der Erfüllung spezifizierter Anforderungen den Nutzen für den Kunden in den Mittelpunkt stellt. Der Fachbeitrag stellt eine Methodik vor, die eine Messbarkeit sowie Bewertbarkeit dieses umfassenden Qualitätsverständnisses ermöglichen soll.
  • Publication
    Die Gretchenfrage in der Praxis - Kosten, Nutzen und Wirtschaftlichkeit von QM-Systemen
    ( 2014)
    Jochem, Roland
    ;
    Raßfeld, Colin
    ;
    Behmer, Falk
    ;
    Skowronek, Johannes
    Wie lässt sich der Beitrag des Qualitätsmanagements zum Unternehmenserfolg in der Praxis ermitteln? Die TU Berlin und das Fraunhofer IPK haben untersucht, mit welchen Kenngrößen deutsche Unternehmen die Effektivität und die Effizienz von QM-Systemen messen. Die Studie findet eine große methodische und inhaltliche Vielfalt im Qualitätscontrolling - und überall hohen Aufwand für die Datenerhebung.
  • Publication
    Hoher Anspruch lohnt sich
    ( 2013)
    Jochem, Roland
    Wie trägt Qualitätsmanagement zur Wertschöpfung in einem Unternehmen bei? Auf welchen Erfolgsfaktoren basiert ein wirtschaftliches QM-System? Ohne Beantwortung dieser Fragen fehlt Managern die Entscheidungsbasis, um Ressourcen für den Qualitätsbereich optimal abzustimmen. Am Fraunhofer IPK und IWF der TU Berlin entwickeln Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler innovative Konzepte, Methoden und Organisationsansätze zur durchgängigen, integrierten Bewertung und Gestaltung von Qualitätsprozessen und Qualitätsmanagementsystemen. Ihr Ziel ist es, eine nachhaltige, exzellente Unternehmensqualität sicherzustellen, die für Unternehmen Mehrwert schafft.
  • Publication
    Innovation management needs an interoperable requirements management
    ( 2012)
    Jochem, Roland
    ;
    Landgraf, Katja
    In a world of fast changing environments for business, the need for innovation is one of the most stable items. On the other hand, innovation is influenced by more and more factors, like increasing products and service complexity ore growing numbers of partners, involved into a single product innovation. This paper introduces interoperability problems related to simultaneous business and product development. Purpose - This paper introduces the L-modelAgile, an advancement of the V-model. Due to interoperability is essential during the product development process, overall aim of the L-modelAgile is to improve the quality and rate of innovation within complex systems during the early stages of a stable and simultaneously agile innovation process. Design/methodology/approach - The basis of the L-modelAgile consists of the interoperability between the innovation process and the requirements management & engineering process (RM&E process) as well as the agile method Scrum. To link these processes, a best practice model inclusive a capability model and a performance measurement system has been developed. Findings - An increase of innovation quality and innovation speed at complex systems during the early stage of a reliable and simultaneous agile innovation process. Originality/value -The paper focuses on the innovation process during the product development and how to improve its quality.
  • Publication
    Enforcing front-loading in engineering processes through product-process integration
    ( 2012)
    Jochem, Roland
    ;
    Knothe, Thomas
    ;
    Wintrich, Nikolaus
    Front-Loading in product engineering is the art of shifting important decisions about process parameters into the very early design phases. These decisions will have to cover parameters of the product as well as its production. Front-Loading requires the integration of different engineering disciplines like product, process and manufacturing design and their dependencies. These disciplines adopt different modeling approaches and incompatible tools, which increases the effort for Front-Loading. This paper presents an approach for interoperability between models coming from different disciplines in order to facilitate integrated engineering during the first design phases by integrating product and process models and evaluate these. In addition, a contextual modeling approach for reducing model complexity to different stakeholder is introduced. The entire work is explained along an industrial use case in aircraft engineering.