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PublicationCharacterization and application of assistance systems in digital engineering( 2021)A broad range of assistance systems can be found in manufacturing practice as well as in the corresponding literature. Similarly, it can be observed that there is a growing need for and an increasing supply of assistance systems of all kinds. However, for digital manufacturing, the assistance systems are not clearly characterized. The diversity in application areas and possible uses varies and there are no possibilities for comparison. This paper addresses the topic of assistance systems and examines the various basic elements of engineering activities in terms of possible types of assistance systems based on research in manufacturing industry. Crucial aspects of assistance capabilities for engineering are elaborated and possible digital approaches are validated based on investigations in the field of aircraft engine design and assembly.
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PublicationIncreasing resource efficiency with an engineering decision support system for comparison of product design variants( 2019)
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PublicationDevelopment and operation of Digital Twins for technical systems and services( 2019)Digital Twins are new solution elements to enable ongoing digital monitoring and active functional improvement of interconnected products, devices and machines. In addition, benefits of horizontal and vertical integration in manufacturing are targeted by the introduction of Digital Twins. Using the test environment of smart factory cells, this paper investigates methodological, technological, operative, and business aspects of developing and operating Digital Twins. The following Digital Twin dimensions are considered in scientific and application oriented analysis: (1) integration breadth, (2) connectivity modes, (3) update frequency, (4) CPS intelligence, (5) simulation capabilities, (6) digital model richness, (7) human interaction, and (8) product lifecycle. From this, design elements for the development of Digital Twins are derived and presented.
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PublicationProduct analysis automation for digital MRO based on intelligent 3D data acquisition( 2013)3D data acquisition technologies are increasingly used in the area of maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) of long-life technical systems and industrial plants. Application fields are measuring, reengineering and reproduction of disassembled parts. Fraunhofer IPK is developing a reverse engineering process for provision of 3D product models based on 3D scans of complete assemblies to save disassembly time and to support change management and reengineering tasks. This paper depicts results of IPK's data processing approaches for automated separation and identification of single parts in 3D assembly scans as well as for mapping of assembly structures in product data management systems. The major requirement was to automatically derive a product structure for assembly models as typically used in CAD or PDM systems. This structure can either consist of parts which were retrieved from a data base with solution element 2 or generated by conventional reverse engineering. To generate a contact graph for part relations in an assembly and its sub-assemblies a combination of different principles was realized in a software prototype and tested. This prototype loads the CAD parts of an assembly in one batch, before the user starts the structure generation process either fully automated or semi-automated by setting a threshold value for determining number of main assemblies of a product. Firstly, adjacent surfaces are identified by neighborhood analysis including contact surfaces and cutting volumes to derive a 2D contact graph. Secondly, the Girvan-Newman algorithm was applied to partition sub-graphs. Thirdly, a top down iteration for partitioning completed the product structure. Manual modification of structure nodes is possible in order to address a specific design intent or way of structuring the (sub-) assemblies. Finally, the CAD structure could be exported in an XML-based format for PDM data exchange. The file references all 3D models of the assembly's parts. For instance with SPLM Teamcenter, assembly import is possible with out-of-the-box functionality.
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PublicationEvaluation am Beispiel einer PKW-Heckklappe: Frühzeitige multimodale Absicherung virtueller Prototypen( 2012)Als Lösungsansatz zur multimodalen und domänenübergreifenden Beurteilung von virtuellen Prototypen in frühen Phasen der Produktentstehung führt dieser Beitrag das Konzept des Smart Hybrid Prototyping (SHP) ein. Dieses fußt auf Methoden der Mixed Reality und erweitert diese um intelligente Techniken, die das Erleben des virtuellen Prototyps gestatten. Hierfür dienen mechatronische Systeme als Brücke zwischen physischer Realität und digitaler Virtualität.
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