Fraunhofer-Institut für Produktionsanlagen und Konstruktionstechnik IPK

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  • Publication
    Ontologiebasierte Datenintegration für das Modellbasierte Systems Engineering
    ( 2015)
    Woll, R.
    ;
    Hayka, H.
    ;
    Stark, R.
    Im Modellbasierten Systems Engineering werden verschiedene Modelltypen wie Anforderungs-, Funktions- oder Systemstrukturmodelle miteinander verknüpft. Da diese unterschiedlichen Modelltypen oft in unterschiedlichen IT-Systemen verwaltet und bearbeitet werden, ist ein geeigneter Datenintegrationsansatz vonnöten, um Verknüpfungen zwischen den verteilten Daten anlegen und verwalten zu können. Ein möglicher, bisher kaum in der industriellen Praxis evaluierter Ansatz dafür ist die Ontologiebasierte Datenintegration. Da dieser Ansatz einige potentielle Vorteile gegenüber anderen Datenintegrationsansätzen verspricht, hat sich das EU-geförderte Forschungsprojekt iProd zum Ziel gesetzt, ihn am Beispiel konkreter industrieller Anwendungsfälle einzusetzen und zu evaluieren. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Überblick über die Erfahrungen und Erkenntnisse aus dem Projekt gegeben und eine Bewertung des Ansatzes vorgenommen.
  • Publication
    Intelligent information technologies to enable next generation PLM
    ( 2014)
    Stark, R.
    ;
    Damerau, T.
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    Hayka, H.
    ;
    Neumeyer, S.
    ;
    Woll, R.
    The steadily growing complexity of products, interfacing processes, value creation networks and IT environments drive today's PLM solutions to their limits. How does this effect engineers? Over 1,400 engineers from the German industry provided feedback in 2011 with alarming but expected results. Almost two thirds of the respondents can only spend 20% or less time on average for core tasks such as development, design or validation. The study confirmed a lack of time for creative engineering activities caused by a massive coordination and communication overhead. Could engineers and designers be relieved from routine and administrative tasks in product lifecycle management by means of current intelligent technologies? In constant dialogue with industry and PLM experts, the Fraunhofer IPK and TUB have investigated the demand for intelligence in product lifecycle management. This paper reflects on the current situation of PLM and introduces a conceptual framework (Engineering Operating System) for next generation PLM. Subsequently, an Engineering Automation Capabilities (EAC) stair step model is proposed and selected research results for intelligence in PLM are presented.
  • Publication
    Interplay of styling, design and service performance in developing Product-Service Systems
    ( 2014)
    Exner, K.
    ;
    Hagedorn, L.
    ;
    Lindow, K.
    ;
    Stark, R.
    ;
    Hayka, H.
    New innovations are a decisive competitive advantage in today's global markets. Besides technical improvements the extension of classical product centred offerings with services to a provider of individual solution offers tremendous benefits. Furthermore, an exceptional product styling enables emotionally added value. Developing these offerings requires a joint and structured collaboration among the stakeholders, e.g. stylists, designers and engineers, already in the early phases. In practice, this can evoke a number of difficulties due to differences in working processes and philosophies of the different stakeholders. In order to face this challenge, the design process of offering development needs to be investigated. Furthermore, new methods and processes have to be developed. This paper describes an investigation of the different methods in developing a product focusing on stylists and engineers. Additionally, it describes the investigation of the challenges that occur during the development of Product-Service Systems. Based on survey results a new approach is presented which is in turn validated with a use case. Eventually, an integrated offering development process is proposed.
  • Publication
    Enabling product development engineers to select and combine methods for sustainable design
    ( 2014)
    Buchert, T.
    ;
    Kaluza, A.
    ;
    Halstenberg, F.A.
    ;
    Lindow, K.
    ;
    Hayka, H.
    ;
    Stark, R.
    A broad range of engineering methods, from simple checklists to sophisticated analytical tools, has been introduced to support the development of more sustainable products. Nevertheless, a lack of holistic approaches, which support the entire product creation process, can be observed. Combining the advantages of different existing methods could enable a rather continuous decision support. This paper presents an analysis and a categorization of current tools. On this foundation a process-based approach for method selection and combination is derived. By determining the concrete output of a method it becomes possible to use this information for defining sustainability milestones in project management. Hence, the allocation of design methods to different phases of the product creation process can be performed more intuitively and a combination of methods is encouraged. In order to test this approach, an exemplary redesign of a turbocharger has been conducted. From a pool of 50 methods nine are systematically selected and applied in order to check whether the selection was successful or not.
  • Publication
    Anforderungen an Kollaborationen zur Sicherung der Prozess- und Produktqualität in der Entwicklung
    ( 2013)
    Pasch, F.
    ;
    Müller, P.
    ;
    Hayka, H.
    ;
    Starke, R.
    ;
    Jochem, R.
    Die heutige Produktentwicklung ist durch kollaborative Prozesse zwischen vielen verschiedenen Partnern und eine intensive Nutzung von digitalen Werkzeugen und Produktdaten gekennzeichnet. Die effiziente und effektive Zusammenarbeit wird dadurch zunehmend zum Wettbewerbsfaktor und hat einen starken Einfluss auf die Prozess- und Produktqualität in der Entwicklung komplexer Systeme. Um die Qualität dieser Kollaborationen in der Produktentwicklung messbar und bewertbar zu machen, soll am Fraunhofer-Institut für Produktionsanlagen und Konstruktionstechnik (IPK) sowie an der Technischen Universität Berlin ein Reifegradmodell zur Kollaborationsfähigkeit entwickelt werden. Zum Aufbau dieses Modells sowie zur Gewinnung von konkreten Zahlen zur Ausprägung von verschiedenen Aktivitäten in der heutigen Ingenieursarbeit dient eine groß angelegte Studie, welche vom Geschäftsfeld Virtuelle Produktentstehung am Fraunhofer IPK , der Contact Software GmbH sowie dem VDI durchgeführt wurde. In ihr wurde von einer neutralen und gleichermaßen wissenschaftlichen Perspektive aus die Ingenieurarbeit in kollaborativen Entwicklungsprozessen untersucht. Im Wesentlichen bestätigte sich die Hypothese, dass den Ingenieuren zu wenig Zeit für die eigentlichen Kernaufgaben wie das Entwickeln, Konstruieren und Absichern zur Verfügung steht. Gründe liegen hierfür vor allem bei organisatorischen Aspekten. Diese Erkenntnisse werden beschrieben. Sie ermöglichen es, die richtigen Ansätze für ein Reifegradmodell zur Kollaborationsfähigkeit zu definieren.
  • Publication
    IT-based concept for collaboration within joint research projects and integration of public communities
    ( 2012)
    Wang, W.M.
    ;
    Woll, R.
    ;
    Damerau, T.
    ;
    Lindow, K.
    ;
    Hayka, H.
    ;
    Stark, Rainer
  • Publication
    Performance metrics for energy efficiency assessment
    ( 2012)
    Buchert, T.
    ;
    Lindow, Kai
    ;
    Schulz, F.
    ;
    Hayka, H.
    ;
    Stark, Reiner
  • Publication
    Interdisciplinary function-oriented design and verification for the development of mechatronical products
    ( 2011)
    Stark, R.
    ;
    Hayka, H.
    ;
    Figge, A.
    ;
    Woll, R.
    Mechatronical products integrate components that are developed by different fields of engineering and combine them in order to provide new functionalities. The main challenge is the ever increasing complexity and the required degree of interdisciplinarity. The joint research project MIKADO adressed this demand by integrating domain specific development methods and tools into a more systems-engineering-oriented approach. Special emphasis has been placed on the early phases of product development in order to facilitate an early coordination between mechanical, electronical and software engineers and to provide them with easy means for the functional verification of virtual product models. The MIKADO cooperation platform will improve and accelerate the planning and execution of mechatronical product development projects. Interfaces for connecting commercial engineering tools to the cooperation platform guarantee the industrial applicability of the MIKADO solution in connection with existing system landscapes. This reduces investment costs and makes the MIKADO solution attractive, especially to SMEs. The enhancements of the FOD modeler help to collect and manage all requirements of a mechatronical product as well as to define and depict their connections. Their continuous connection to functions, parts and CAD models allows for cross-checking the fulfillment of several geometric requirements. Specific tests for functional and geometric analysis complete the Functional mock-up. They are started from and their results are managed directly in the FOD modeler as well as on the cooperation platform and thus make a continuous review of the products' degree of maturity possible. The methodology for combining a comprehensive requirements management with a functional mock-up for the verification of requirements will be the basis for further research. In addition, the results of MIKADO are planned to be used for commercial products, which will be sold by the project partners.
  • Publication
    PLM-basierte Innovationsbeschleunigung für die mechatronische Produktentwicklung
    ( 2011)
    Stark, R.
    ;
    Hayka, H.
    ;
    Damerau, T.
    Zur Effizienzsteigerung der innovativen interdisziplinären Produktentstehung ist die methodische und werkzeugtechnische Unterstützung eines durchgängigen Systems Engineering (SE), ausgehend von der Innovationsidee, erforderlich. Hierfür bietet die Product Lifecycle Management (PLM)-basierte Gestaltung des Innovationsprozesses in enger Kopplung mit dem Produktentstehungsprozess ein großes Potenzial an. Vorgestellt werden Ansätze für die Optimierung von SE-Prozessen sowie Best Practice Referenzprozessmodelle für das Innovationsmanagement. Ein Schwerpunkt bildet die PLM-integrierte Umsetzung des Referenzprozesses, die exemplarisch anhand einer Werkzeugintegration zwischen Wissens- und Produktlebenszyklusmanagement dargestellt wird. Entlang eines Anwendungsfalls wird die Überführung von Innovationsideen in eine PLM-Lösung und deren Verknüpfung mit der Produktstruktur demonstriert. Die Implementierung basiert auf einer flexiblen serviceorientierten Architektur und der Standardschnittstelle OMG PLM-Services 2.0.
  • Publication
    Combining heterogeneous PLM environments with grid computing and virtual reality applications
    ( 2010)
    Hayka, H.
    ;
    Langenberg, D.
    ;
    Stark, R.
    ;
    Wolter, L.
    Virtual product creation applications increasingly need data from heterogeneous PLM environments. Nowadays in common collaborations or in Virtual Organizations, this situation is even more complicated, because several organizational units and enterprises work together in a field of dispersed and heterogeneous data management systems. This paper introduces an integration solution to provide application systems with required data. It focuses on two use cases in virtual product creation. The first use case concerns with resource sharing in virtual organizations by grid computing in the context of product and simulation data management. The second use case deals with data preparation for virtual reality applications. Despite their differences, both use cases have many requirements in common for transparent data management. The realized concepts implement solutions for data collection, secure transports and authentication for users and systems in heterogeneous PLM environments. For this, it uses several standards, e.g. PLM Services, web services, X.509.