Options
Title
Semipermeable Membranen
Date Issued
2000
Author(s)
Wolter, H.
Ballweg, T.
Storch, W.
Patent No
1998-19841440
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft semipermeable Membranen auf der Basis von organisch modifizierten Kieselsaeurepolykondensaten, ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung beim Gasaustausch und in Trennverfahren, insbesondere in der Gasseparation, in der Dialyse, in der Pervaporation sowie in der Mikro-, Ultra- und Hyperfiltration. Die erfindungsgemaessen Membranen stellen Flachmembranen oder rohrfoermige Membranen dar und sie werden nach ueblichen Methoden aus viskosen Fluessigkeiten gefertigt, die durch hydrolytische Polykondensation von organisch modifizierten, C=C-Doppelbindungen aufweisenden, hydrolysierbaren Silicium-Verbindungen erhalten werden. Die Haertung der Membranen erfolgt durch Polymerisation bzw. Polyaddition der C=C-Doppelbindungen.
EP 985443 A UPAB: 20000502 NOVELTY - Process for producing a semipermeable membrane comprises preparing a low-viscosity to resin-like liquid by hydrolytic condensation of one or more specified organosilanes, forming the liquid into a membrane, optionally drying the membrane and then curing the membrane by thermal, radiation and/or chemical means. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The liquid is prepared by hydrolytic condensation of one or more compounds of formula (I)-(IV) and/or precondensates derived from (I)-(IV) and optionally one or more compounds of formula (V) and/or precondensates derived from (V), provided that the molar ratio of (I)+(II)+(III) to (IV) is 1:0-20, in the presence of water or humidity and optionally a solvent and/or a condensation catalyst, optionally with addition of one or more copolymerizable and/or (poly)additionable monomers and/or oligomers and/or one or more curing catalysts and/or one or more soluble and/or volatile pore-forming additives: R = 1-15C alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl, optionally containing O and/or S atoms and/or ester, carbonyl, carboxyl, amide and/or amino groups; R1, R2 = 0-15C alkylene, arylene or arylenealkylene, optionally containing O and/or S atoms and/or ester, carbonyl, carboxyl, amide and/or amino groups; R3 = H, R2-R1-R4-SiXxR3-x, COOH or R; R4 = (CHR6-CHR6)n, CHR6-CHR6-S-R5, CO-S-R5, CHR6-CHR6-NR6-R5, Y-CS-NH-R5, S-R5, Y-CO-NH-R5, CO-O-R5, Y-CO-C2H3(COOH)-R5, Y-CO-C2H3(OH)-R5 or CO-NR6-R5; n = 0 or 1; R5 = 1-15C alkylene, arylene or arylenealkylene, optionally containing O and/or S atoms and/or ester, carbonyl, carboxyl, amide and/or amino groups; R6 = H or 1-10C alkyl or aryl; R7 = H or R; Y = O, S or NR6; Z = O or (CHR6)m; m = 1 or 2; a, b = 1-3, but not both 1; c = 1-6; x = 1-3; x = 1-3; a+x = 2-4. B(A-(Z)d-R1(R2)-R3-SiXaRb)c (II) B = a 4-50C linear or branched organic group containing at least one C=C double bond; R = 1-15C alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl, optionally containing O and/or S atoms and/or ester, carbonyl, carboxyl, amide and/or amino groups; R3 = 0-15C alkylene, arylene, arylenealkylene or alkylenearylene, optionally containing O and/or S atoms and/or ester, carbonyl, carboxyl, amide and/or amino groups; X = H, halogen, OH, alkoxy, acyloxy, alkanoyl, alkoxycarbonyl or NR2; R = H, alkyl, aryl or alkaryl; A = O, S, NH or COO; d = 0 or 1; Z = CO or CHR'; R' = H, alkyl, aryl or alkaryl; R1 = Q or N; Q = 1-10C alkylene, arylene or alkylenearylene, optionally interrupted by O and/or S atoms and/or amino groups; R2 = H, COOH or OH; a = 1-3; b = 0-2; a+b = 3; c = 1-4; provided that: (a) A = O, S or NH when d = 1, Z = CO, R1 = Q and R2 = H or COOH; (b) A = O, S, NH or COO when d = 1, Z = CHR', R1 = Q and R2 = OH; (c) A = O, S, NH or COO when d = 0, R1 = Q and R2 = OH; and (d) A = S when d = 1, Z = CO, R1 = N and R2 = H. (XaRbSi((R'A)c)(4-a-b)xB (III) A = O, S, PR, POR, NHC(O)O or NHC(O)NR; B = a linear or branched group derived from a compound B' containing 5-50 C atoms and at least one (when c = 1 and A = NHC(O)O or NHC(O)NR) or at least two C=C double bonds; R = 1-15C alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl, optionally containing O and/or S atoms and/or ester, carbonyl, carboxyl, amide and/or amino groups; R' = alkylene, arylene or alkylenearylene; R = H, alkyl, aryl or alkaryl; X = H, halogen, OH, alkoxy, acyloxy, alkanoyl, alkoxycarbonyl or NR2; a = 1-3; b = 0-2; c = 0 or 1; x = an integer whose maximum value corresponds to the number of double bonds in B' minus 1 or is equal to the number of double bonds in B' when c = 1 and A = NHC(O)O or NHC(O)NR; alkyl = optionally substituted 1-20C linear, branched or cyclic alkyl; alkenyl = optionally substituted 2-20C linear, branched or cyclic alkenyl; aryl = optionally substituted phenyl, naphthyl or biphenylyl; alkoxy, acyloxy, alkanoyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkaryl, aralkyl, arylene, alkylene and alkylenearylene are derived from alkyl and aryl groups as defined above. YaSiXxR4-a-x (IV) R = 1-15C alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl, optionally containing O and/or S atoms and/or ester, carbonyl, carboxyl, amide and/or amino groups; X = H, halogen, OH, alkoxy, acyloxy, alkanoyl, alkoxycarbonyl or NR2; R = H, alkyl, aryl or alkaryl; Y = an organic group with 1-30 C atoms and 1-5 SH groups; a, x = 1-3; a+x = 2-4. XaSiR4-a (V) R = 1-15C alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl, optionally containing O and/or S atoms and/or ester, carbonyl, carboxyl, amide and/or amino groups; X = H, halogen, OH, alkoxy, acyloxy, alkanoyl, alkoxycarbonyl or NR2; R = H, alkyl, aryl or alkaryl; a = 1-3. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a semipermeable membrane obtainable by such a process. USE - The membrane is useful for separation processes, especially gas separation, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, dialysis, pervaporation, microfiltration, ultrafiltration and hyperfiltration, including extracorporeal blood oxygenation and uses as artificial blood vessels and medical tubing. ADVANTAGE - The process can be used to produce membranes with a broad range of properties, is simple, quick and economic to carry out, and is suitable for continuous production of hollow fibers or flat membranes (self-supporting or supported).
Language
de
Patenprio
DE 1998-19841440 A1: 19980910