Fraunhofer-Publica
The Fraunhofer-Publica has been successfully documenting the research results of the Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft for over 30 years. The platform enables the collaborative linking of research-relevant objects and disseminates within the international scientific community.
The Fraunhofer-Publica thus fulfils its responsibility to promote the transfer of knowledge and know-how to industry and society.
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Research outputs
As an application-oriented research organisation, Fraunhofer aims to conduct highly innovative and solution-oriented research - for the benefit of society and to strengthen the German and European economy.
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Projects
Fraunhofer is tackling the current challenges facing industry head on. By pooling their expertise and involving industrial partners at an early stage, the Fraunhofer Institutes involved in the projects aim to turn original scientific ideas into marketable products as quickly as possible.
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Researchers
Scientific achievement and practical relevance are not opposites - at Fraunhofer they are mutually dependent. Thanks to the close organisational links between Fraunhofer Institutes and universities, science at Fraunhofer is conducted at an internationally first-class level.
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Institutes
The Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft is the leading organisation for applied research in Europe. Institutes and research facilities work under its umbrella at various locations throughout Germany.
Recent Additions
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PublicationCovalent Trapping of Cyclic-Polysulfides in Perfluorinated Vinylene-Linked Frameworks for Designing Lithium-Organosulfide Batteries( 2023)The strategic combination of redox-active triazine- or quinoxaline-based lithium-ion battery (LIB) mechanisms with the polysulfide ring-mediated lithium-sulfur battery (Li-SB) mechanism enabled the configuration of covalent organic-framework (COF)-derived lithium-organosulfide (Li-OrSB) battery systems. Two vinylene-linked frameworks were designed by enclosing polysulfide rings via postsynthetic framework sulfurization, allowing for the separate construction of triazine-polysulfide and quinoxaline-polysulfide redox couples that can readily interact with Li ions. The inverse vulcanization of the vinylene linking followed by the sulfurization-induced nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction (SNAr) on the perfluorinated aromatic center of the COFs enabled the covalent trapping of cyclic-polysulfides. The experimentally observed reversible Li-interaction mechanism of these highly conjugated frameworks was computationally verified and supported by in situ Raman studies, demonstrating a significant reduction of polysulfide shuttle in a conventional Li-SB and opening the door for a COF-derived high-performing Li-OrSB.
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PublicationSpace Sampling Techniques Comparison for a Synthetic Low-Pass Filter Bayesian Neural Network( 2023-12-08)
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PublicationRapid phenotypic antibiotics susceptibility analysis by a 3D printed prototype( 2024)One of the most important public health concerns is the increase in antibiotic‐resistant pathogens and corresponding treatment of associated infections. Addressing this challenge requires more efficient use of antibiotics, achievable by the use of evidence‐based, effective antibiotics identified by antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST). However, the current standard method of phenotypic AST used for this purpose requires 48 h or more from sample collection to result. Until results are available, broad‐spectrum antibiotics are used to avoid delaying treatment. The turnaround time must therefore be shortened in order for the results to be available before the second administration of antibiotics. The phenotypic electrochemical AST method presented here identifies effective antibiotics within 5-10 h after sampling. Spiked serum samples, including polymicrobial samples, with clinically relevant pathogens and respective concentrations commonly found in bloodstream infections (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) are used. Direct loading of the test with diluted serum eliminates the need for a pre‐culture, as required by existing methods. Furthermore, by combining several electrochemical measurement procedures with computational analysis, allowing the method to be used both online and offline, the AST achieves a sensitivity of 94.44% and a specificity of 95.83% considering each replicate individually.
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PublicationIn vitro and in vivo evaluation of the biofilm-degrading Pseudomonas phage Motto, as a candidate for phage therapy( 2024)Infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa are becoming increasingly difficult to treat due to the emergence of strains that have acquired multidrug resistance. Therefore, phage therapy has gained attention as an alternative to the treatment of pseudomonal infections. Phages are not only bactericidal but occasionally show activity against biofilm as well. In this study, we describe the Pseudomonas phage Motto, a T1-like phage that can clear P. aeruginosa infections in an animal model and also exhibits biofilm-degrading properties. The phage has a substantial anti-biofilm activity against strong biofilm-producing isolates (n = 10), with at least a twofold reduction within 24 h. To demonstrate the safety of using phage Motto, cytotoxicity studies were conducted with human cell lines (HEK 293 and RAW 264.7 macrophages). Using a previously established in vivo model, we demonstrated the efficacy of Motto in Caenorhabditis elegans, with a 90% survival rate when treated with the phage at a multiplicity of infection of 10.
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PublicationHierarchical Clock Synchronization in MPI( 2018)MPI benchmarks are used for analyzing or tuning the performance of MPI libraries. Generally, every MPI library should be adjusted to the given parallel machine, especially on supercomputers. System operators can define which algorithm should be selected for a specific MPI operation, and this decision which algorithm to select is usually made after analyzing bench-mark results. The problem is that the latency of communication operations in MPI is very sensitive to the chosen data acquisition and data processing method. For that reason, depending on how the performance is measured, system operators may end up with a completely different MPI library setup. In the present work, we focus on the problem of precisely measuring the latency of collective operations, in particular, for small payloads, where external experimental factors play a significant role. We present a novel clock synchronization algorithm, which exploits the hierarchical architecture of compute clusters, and we show that it outperforms previous approaches, both in run-time and in precision. We also propose a different scheme to obtain precise MPI run-time measurements (called Round-Time), which is based on given, fixed time slices, as opposed to the traditional way of measuring for a predefined number of repetitions. We also highlight that the use of MPI_Barrier has a significant effect on experimentally determined latency values of MPI collectives. We argue that MPI_Barrier should be avoided if the average run-time of the barrier function is in the same order of magnitude as the run-time of the MPI function to be measured.
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PublicationCharacterization of self-cleaning properties on superhydrophobic aluminum surfaces fabricated by direct laser writing and direct laser interference patterning( 2020)Self-cleaning ability on technical surfaces can increase the added value of a product. A common path to achieve this property is making the surface superhydrophobic so that water droplets can roll down, picking up dirt particles. In this contribution, the self-cleaning efficiency of Al surfaces structured with direct laser writing (DLW), direct laser interference patterning (DLIP) and a combination of both technologies was quantitatively determined. This was performed by developing a characterization method, where the treated samples are firstly covered with either MnO2 or polyamide micro-particles, then tilted by 15° and 30° and finally washed applying up to nine water droplets (10 µl) over the contaminated surfaces. Then, an optical analysis by image processing of the remaining contamination particles on the textured surfaces was realized after each droplet rolled over the surface. The DLIP textures showed the best performance, allowing the removal of more than 90% of the particles after just three droplets were released. High-speed videos and scanning electron microscopy characterization allowed a deeper understanding on the cleaning behavior and on the relationship between surface microstructure and particle size and shape.