Abstract
Traditionally, ray tracing is a surface-based approach, searching for ray-surface intersections in order to determine the relevant propagation paths. This scheme is extended by a stochastic volume scattering approach, which, e.g., enables modeling of rain clouds in meteorological propagation simulations and foliage scattering for scenarios in outdoor environments. The proposed approach can easily be combined with standard surface scattering models, such as Geometrical Optics (GO) and Physical Optics (PO), and consequently enables the electromagnetic modeling of more complex as well as more realistic scenarios.