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2000
Conference Paper
Titel
Metabolism and activation of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-new aspects
Abstract
Fulltext: Nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nPAHs) originate primarily as direct or indirect products of incomplete combustion. nPAHs have been detected in diesel exhaust, the highest levels of nPAHs in the environment being found in urban air levels. But it has been shown that some nPAHs, notably 2-nitrofluoranthene and 2-nitropyrene, which are not found in diesel exhaust, occur in particulate matter collected in urban, suburban, forest and remote areas. The ubiquitous occurence of these nPAHs is probably due to their photochemical origin from parent PAHs which attached to carbon particles have been widely dispersed in the troposphere. Some nPAHs are highly mutagenic and some have been shown to be carcinogenic. Due to the large number of compounds, the metabolism and toxicity of only a few nPAHs have been studied in any detail in vivo. During the preparation of an IPCS Environmental Health Criteria document on nPAHs, recent studies on the metabolism of 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) and 2-nitrofluorene (2-NF), predominant nPAHs in diesel exhaust, have been evaluated and metabolic and activation pathways proposed and, where possible, compared with the sparce data available on similar compounds.
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