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  4. A CMOS-compatible monolithic conductivity sensor with integrated electrodes
 
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1994
Journal Article
Title

A CMOS-compatible monolithic conductivity sensor with integrated electrodes

Abstract
A CMOS compatible monolithic single chip system for the measurement of the electrolytic conductivity of human blood has been developed. The chip combines electrodes, current source, amplifier and digital circuits on a single silicon substrate. A standard CMOS-process has been used with only one additional step for the fabrication of the electrodes, which are made of a thin platinum layer. Due to the small size, the behaviour of the integrated microelectrodes differs strongly from their macroscopic counterparts . The polarization impedance of the electrodes, their noise performance and influences of the planar arrangement on the field distribution have been investigated. A four-electrode-method using a square-wave-current has been developed to avoid errors resulting from parasitic polarization voltages. The chip size is 1 x 5 mm and the measuring current is 10 fA. Measurements with a prototype version of the chip in KCI solution show a linearity of +/- 1%.
Author(s)
Kordas, N.
Manoli, Y.
Mokwa, W.
Rospert, M.
Journal
Sensors and Actuators. A  
Conference
International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators 1993  
DOI
10.1016/0924-4247(93)00659-R
Language
English
Fraunhofer-Institut für Mikroelektronische Schaltungen und Systeme IMS  
Keyword(s)
  • CMOS-Technik

  • CMOS technology

  • conductivity measurement

  • integrated electrode

  • integrated sensor

  • Leitfähigkeit

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