Long rod penetration mechanics.

The theories of rod penetration in semi-infinite targets are presented and also discussed in connection with experimental data. The simplest approach is the fluid jet penetration model that bases on the penetration of shaped charge jets. Improved theories are the models of Allen and Rogers, of Alekseevksi and of Tate. These authors take into account the dynamic strengths of projectile and target materials. Part of the models is the elasto-plastic wave propagation in rods which explains the physical interpretation of the dynamic material strength quantity. This dynamic material property is defined and determined by the so-called Taylor test method. Different procedures applying the Taylor test are discussed. The comparison of the theories with the experimental data shows that the models need correction terms. Corrections are the transient-, the after flow- and the recovery phases as well as the secondary penetration. The models include the description of length- and velocity reduction o f rods during impact. Beside the penetration depth, also crater diameters and volumes are discussed in dependence of the impact velocity, the materials and the projectile geometry. Furthermore the penetration principles in single plate and multiple targets are presented.