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  4. InGaAs-based SWIR photodetectors for night vision and gated viewing
 
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2018
Conference Paper
Title

InGaAs-based SWIR photodetectors for night vision and gated viewing

Abstract
High-performance short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) photodetectors can be realized in the InGaAs material system, providing a typical cutoff wavelength of 1.7 mm, which covers a wide part of the nightglow spectrum as well as the emission lines of available laser sources at typical telecom wavelengths around 1.55 mm. However, both, active and passive SWIR detection systems are mostly required to provide high responsivities and very low dark currents in order to detect extremely low photon fluxes. This can be achieved with pin photodiodes with high responsivities and very low dark current characteristics or by utilizing the internal signal gain as provided by avalanche photodiodes (APDs). We develop SWIR photodetectors based on InGaAs/InP pin diodes and InGaAs/InAlAs/InP APDs as single-element detectors as well as focal plane arrays (FPAs). The planar processed InGaAs/InP pin photodiodes for low-light-level SWIR cameras exhibit dark current densities of 10-7 A/cm2 at room temperature for 15 mm pitch detector elements. For the APDs, emphasis is put on the vertical detector design. Within three design iterations, the operating voltage for useful gain values M ~ 10 could be reduced from 27 V down to 18 V, which was crucial for the operation with the voltage limitation of the read-out circuit. FPAs of such InGaAs-APD material have been successfully integrated into SWIR cameras with 640 × 512 pixels at 15 mm pixel pitch. The avalanche operation on camera level has been demonstrated for both kinds, the standard (passive) as well as gated-viewing operation modes.
Author(s)
Rutz, Frank  orcid-logo
Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Festkörperphysik IAF  
Aidam, Rolf  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Festkörperphysik IAF  
Bächle, Andreas  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Festkörperphysik IAF  
Heussen, Henning
Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Festkörperphysik IAF  
Bronner, Wolfgang  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Festkörperphysik IAF  
Rehm, Robert  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Festkörperphysik IAF  
Benecke, Matthias
AIM Infrarot-Module
Sieck, Alexander
AIM Infrarot-Module
Brunner, S.
Fraunhofer-Institut für Optronik, Systemtechnik und Bildauswertung IOSB  
Göhler, Benjamin  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Optronik, Systemtechnik und Bildauswertung IOSB  
Lutzmann, Peter  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Optronik, Systemtechnik und Bildauswertung IOSB  
Mainwork
Electro-Optical and Infrared Systems: Technology and Applications XV  
Conference
Conference Electro-Optical and Infrared Systems - Technology and Applications 2018  
DOI
10.1117/12.2325665
Language
English
Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Festkörperphysik IAF  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Optronik, Systemtechnik und Bildauswertung IOSB  
Keyword(s)
  • InGaAs

  • SWIR

  • photodetector

  • avalanche photodiode

  • APD

  • night vision

  • gated viewing

  • focal plane array

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