Abstract
Realistic assessments of the energy consumption of medium-duty battery electric vehicles (BEV) are sparse in literature, but still pivotal for total cost of ownership calculations and ecological considerations. This paper reports on the real-world energy consumption of four types of medium-duty electric vehicles measured in a large German field test. The different energy consumption levels in winter and summer are evaluated. We find that the energy consumption deviates between -8% and 24% from the values provided by the manufacturer and the effect of the season is strongly superimposed by the driving profile.